Hegge Ann Magdalen, Ettema Gertjan, de Koning Jos J, Rognstad Asgeir Bakken, Hoset Martin, Sandbakk Øyvind
Center for Elite Sports Research, Department of Neuroscience, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
Center for Elite Sports Research, Department of Neuroscience, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
Hum Mov Sci. 2014 Aug;36:1-11. doi: 10.1016/j.humov.2014.05.001. Epub 2014 Jun 2.
This study analyzed the biomechanical and physiological effects of the arm swing in roller ski skating, and compared leg-skating (i.e. ski skating without poles) using a pronounced arm swing (SWING) with leg-skating using locked arms (LOCKED). Sixteen elite male cross-country skiers performed submaximal stages at 10, 15 and 20kmh(-1) on a 2% inclined treadmill in the two techniques. SWING demonstrated higher peak push-off forces and a higher force impulse at all speeds, but a longer cycle length only at the highest speed (all P<.05), indicating a lower force effectiveness with SWING at the two lowest speeds. Additionally, the flexion-extension movement in the lower limbs was more pronounced for SWING. Oxygen uptake was higher for SWING at the two lowest speeds (both P<.05) without any differences in blood lactate. At the highest speed, oxygen uptake did not differ between SWING and LOCKED, but the RER, blood lactate and ventilation were lower with SWING (all P<.05). Taken together, these results demonstrate that utilizing the arm swing in roller ski skating increases the ski forces and aerobic energy cost at low and moderate speeds, whereas the greater forces at high speed lead to a longer cycle length and smaller anaerobic contribution.
本研究分析了越野滑轮滑行时摆臂的生物力学和生理学效应，并比较了使用大幅度摆臂（SWING）的腿部滑行（即无杖滑雪滑行）和手臂锁定（LOCKED）的腿部滑行。16名精英男子越野滑雪运动员在2%坡度的跑步机上以两种技术分别在10、15和20km/h的次最大强度阶段进行测试。SWING在所有速度下均表现出更高的蹬地峰值力和更大的力冲量，但仅在最高速度下周期长度更长（所有P<0.05），表明在两个最低速度下SWING的力效率较低。此外，SWING下肢的屈伸运动更明显。在两个最低速度下，SWING的摄氧量更高（均P<0.05），血乳酸水平无差异。在最高速度下，SWING和LOCKED的摄氧量无差异，但SWING的呼吸商、血乳酸和通气量较低（所有P<0.05）。综上所述，这些结果表明，在越野滑轮滑行中使用摆臂会在低速和中速时增加滑行力和有氧能量消耗，而高速时更大的力会导致更长的周期长度和更小的无氧贡献。
