Gralewicz S, Tomas T, Górny R, Kowalczyk W, Soćko R
Pol J Occup Med. 1989;2(1):3-14.
In order to evaluate some of the central effects of an organophosphorus pesticide--chlorphenvinphos (CVP), the time course of changes in the activity of blood cholinesterase (ChE), body temperature and hippocampal EEG were compared in rabbits after acute i.p. exposure. The pesticide was administered twice at an interval of 80-90 days. The Deichmann-LeBlanc scheme of dosing (one animal/one dose) was adopted starting with 22 mg/kg. CVP resulted in a dose-dependent decrease in plasma and erythrocyte ChE activity, a decrease in body temperature ranging from 0.7 degrees to 3.5 degrees C, and in an increase in content of the immobility-related, rhythmic slow activity (I-RSA) in the hippocampal EEG. Changes in body temperature appeared at lower doses than those in the hippocampal EEG. Contrary to the changes in ChE activity, which lasted 4-30 days, those in body temperature and in hippocampal EEG disappeared within 24 hours after the injection. CVP administered at the same dose 80-90 days after the first injection, resulted again in an inhibition of ChE activity, but the effect on the hippocampal EEG was less clear, and that on body temperature was variable; no effect, an increase or a decrease appeared. The data suggest that: i) body temperature is a more sensitive index of a central action of CVP administered for the first time than the hippocampal EEG; ii) the brain cholinergic mechanisms are relatively resistant to the acute action of the OP and undergo fast adaptive changes; iii) even single exposure to CVP may produce some long-lasting functional changes in the brain of some subjects, which has been proven by the changed response to the second exposure.
为了评估有机磷农药毒虫畏(CVP)的一些中枢效应,对家兔经腹腔急性注射后,比较了血液胆碱酯酶(ChE)活性、体温和海马脑电图变化的时间进程。该农药每隔80 - 90天给药两次。采用Deichmann - LeBlanc给药方案(一只动物/一个剂量),起始剂量为22 mg/kg。CVP导致血浆和红细胞ChE活性呈剂量依赖性降低,体温下降0.7摄氏度至3.5摄氏度,海马脑电图中与不动相关的节律性慢活动(I - RSA)含量增加。体温变化出现在比海马脑电图更低的剂量下。与持续4 - 30天的ChE活性变化相反,体温和海马脑电图的变化在注射后24小时内消失。在首次注射后80 - 90天以相同剂量给予CVP,再次导致ChE活性受到抑制,但对海马脑电图的影响不太明显,对体温的影响则各不相同;未出现影响、体温升高或降低的情况。数据表明:i)体温是首次给予CVP时中枢作用的比海马脑电图更敏感的指标;ii)脑胆碱能机制对有机磷的急性作用相对具有抗性,并经历快速适应性变化;iii)即使单次接触CVP也可能在一些个体的大脑中产生一些持久的功能变化,这已通过对第二次接触的反应变化得到证明。