Satir Tanzer
Department of Maritime Transportation and Management Engineering, Istanbul Technical University (ITU), Tuzla, 34940, Istanbul, Turkey,
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2014 Sep;21(18):10686-95. doi: 10.1007/s11356-014-3087-1. Epub 2014 Jun 5.
This paper investigates the role of ballast water treatment systems (BWTSs) and proposes a selection procedure for conventional merchant ships based on the financial, legal, and operational circumstances. Through the metallurgical revolution of the nineteenth century, commercial ships are converted to steel hull from wooden structures. By this innovative shift, use of ballast water became an essential part of ships for improving propulsion and stability while reducing stress on hull (instead of rocks). However, the content of ballast water is emerged since it relocates marine species from an ecological composition (usually cargo discharging port) to another one (loading port). Uncontrolled relocation of marine species may cause severe damage to existing ecological basis on ballast discharging area. BWTSs are developed for ships to eliminate marine species (i.e., aquatic invasive species) content by using a filtering device. It ensures an eco-friendly ballasting and de-ballasting process. The selection of proper BWTS is another debate since the BWTSs are designed with cost-quality and cost (eco)-performance variations. The proposed approach denoted that both tonnage and the age of ship are indicative factors on selection. The cost of installation varies based on installation space and active vs. project vessel cases.
本文研究了压载水处理系统（BWTS）的作用，并基于财务、法律和运营情况为传统商船提出了一种选择程序。通过19世纪的冶金革命，商船从木结构转变为钢壳结构。通过这一创新转变，压载水的使用成为船舶的一个重要组成部分，用于改善推进和稳定性，同时减轻船体应力（而不是使用岩石）。然而，压载水的问题出现了，因为它将海洋物种从一个生态环境（通常是货物卸货港）转移到另一个生态环境（装货港）。海洋物种的无控制转移可能会对压载水排放区域现有的生态基础造成严重破坏。开发压载水处理系统是为了让船舶通过使用过滤装置来消除海洋物种（即水生入侵物种）。它确保了一个环保的压载和排水过程。由于压载水处理系统在成本质量和成本（生态）性能方面存在差异，因此选择合适的压载水处理系统是另一个有争议的问题。所提出的方法表明，船舶吨位和船龄都是选择的指示性因素。安装成本因安装空间以及现有船舶与在建船舶情况的不同而有所变化。
