肿瘤坏死因子/肿瘤坏死因子受体：自身免疫性疾病和免疫介导的炎症性疾病的药物靶点。
TNF/TNFR: drug target for autoimmune diseases and immune-mediated inflammatory diseases.
机构信息
Cancer Signaling Laboratory 1, Department of Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia.
出版信息
Front Biosci (Landmark Ed). 2014 Jun 1;19(7):1028-40. doi: 10.2741/4265.
Tumor necrosis factor, a regulatory cytokine, is extremely important signaling protein in the immune system. Among TNF family, TNF-alpha, TNF-beta are most the significant family members. Receptor of TNF namely TNFR1 and TNFR2 stimulates two different signaling pathways. TNFR1 signaling induces apoptosis pathway. Conversely, TNFR2 signaling triggers cell survival pathways. In this paper, we discuss about the TNF family with special reference to TNF-alpha/TNF-beta, different hypothesis related to autoimmunity and role of TNF, structure of TNF-alpha/TNF-beta, distribution and normal activity in human body of TNF, receptors and signaling pathway for drug targeting. Finally, we also discuss about the therapy for autoimmune diseases and immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs) using small molecules or therapeutic proteins.
肿瘤坏死因子（TNF）是一种调节性细胞因子，是免疫系统中极其重要的信号蛋白。在 TNF 家族中，TNF-α和 TNF-β是最重要的家族成员。TNF 的受体即 TNFR1 和 TNFR2 可刺激两条不同的信号通路。TNFR1 信号通路诱导细胞凋亡途径，而 TNFR2 信号通路则触发细胞存活途径。本文将特别讨论 TNF 家族，包括 TNF-α/TNF-β、与自身免疫相关的不同假说以及 TNF 的作用、TNF-α/TNF-β 的结构、TNF 在人体内的分布和正常活性、用于药物靶向的受体和信号通路。最后，我们还讨论了使用小分子或治疗性蛋白治疗自身免疫性疾病和免疫介导的炎症性疾病（IMIDs）的疗法。
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