Rankine James J
Leeds General Infirmary, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom.
Semin Musculoskelet Radiol. 2014 Jul;18(3):300-8. doi: 10.1055/s-0034-1375571. Epub 2014 Jun 4.
Potential complications following spinal surgery include neural compression due to hematoma, recurrent disk herniation, epidural fibrosis, dural tear with pseudomeningocele formation, and infection. Specific complications relate to the use of spinal instrumentation that include incorrectly positioned instrumentation and failure of spinal fusion leading to instrumentation loosening or breakage. To interpret the postoperative imaging correctly, it is necessary to understand the nature of the surgical procedure that has been performed and the normal postoperative appearances. Magnetic resonance imaging is the mainstay in the evaluation of the postoperative spine. Radiographs and computed tomography continue to have a major role in assessing fusion and in the assessment of complications related to instrumentation.
脊柱手术后的潜在并发症包括因血肿导致的神经受压、复发性椎间盘突出、硬膜外纤维化、硬膜撕裂伴假性脑脊膜膨出形成以及感染。特定并发症与脊柱内固定器械的使用有关，包括器械位置不当以及脊柱融合失败导致器械松动或断裂。为了正确解读术后影像，有必要了解所施行手术的性质以及正常的术后表现。磁共振成像（MRI）是评估术后脊柱的主要手段。X线片和计算机断层扫描（CT）在评估融合情况以及与器械相关的并发症方面仍发挥着重要作用。
