Colgan P W, Brown J A
Biology Department, Queen's University at Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada.
Marine Sciences Research Laboratory, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada A1C 5S7.
Behav Processes. 1988 Jul;17(1):17-26. doi: 10.1016/0376-6357(88)90047-2.
Field observations were conducted on four species of nesting male centrarchids to determine if guarding males discriminate intruders with respect to their potential threat to the brood, their size or position in the water column, or by the stage of the nest. Results demonstrated that bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus) and pumpkinseed (L. gibbosus) sunfish were the most frequent intruders and were attacked the most often. Nest guarding male largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) attacked intruders further from the nest and had the highest probability of attack of the four species studied. Rock bass (Ambloplites rupestris) males had the shortest distance of attack and one of the lowest probabilities of attack. Male black crappie (Pomoxis nigromaculatus) and pumpkinseed were intermediate in both responses. For all species, the size of intruder did not influence attack distance but larger males had a greater attack distance than smaller males. The distance of attack was greatest during the period immediately after hatch. These findings indicate species-specific differences in nest defense and males did discriminate intruders, possibly on their potential threat to the brood. The defense of the nest was related to nest stage, a finding which supports current theory of parental care.
对四种筑巢的雄性鲈形目鱼类进行了实地观察，以确定守护巢穴的雄性是否会根据入侵者对鱼卵的潜在威胁、其大小或在水柱中的位置，或巢穴阶段来区分入侵者。结果表明，蓝鳃太阳鱼（Lepomis macrochirus）和驼背太阳鱼（L. gibbosus）是最频繁的入侵者，也是最常受到攻击的。守护巢穴的雄性大口黑鲈（Micropterus salmoides）攻击距离巢穴较远的入侵者，在所研究的四个物种中攻击概率最高。岩鲈（Ambloplites rupestris）雄性的攻击距离最短，攻击概率也是最低的之一。雄性黑 Crappie（Pomoxis nigromaculatus）和驼背太阳鱼在这两种反应上处于中间水平。对于所有物种来说，入侵者的大小并不影响攻击距离，但较大的雄性比较小的雄性有更大的攻击距离。孵化后紧接着的这段时间攻击距离最大。这些发现表明了巢穴防御中物种特异性的差异，并且雄性确实会区分入侵者，可能是基于它们对鱼卵的潜在威胁。巢穴防御与巢穴阶段有关，这一发现支持了当前的亲代抚育理论。
