Oouchida Yutaka, Izumi Shinichi
Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, Tohoku University.
Brain Nerve. 2014 Jun;66(6):655-63.
The discovery of the mirror neuron system has dramatically changed the study of motor control in neuroscience. The mirror neuron system provides a conceptual framework covering the aspects of motor as well as sensory functions in motor control. Previous studies of motor control can be classified as studies of motor or sensory functions, and these two classes of studies appear to have advanced independently. In rehabilitation requiring motor learning, such as relearning movement after limb paresis, however, sensory information of feedback for motor output as well as motor command are essential. During rehabilitation from chronic pain, motor exercise is one of the most effective treatments for pain caused by dysfunction in the sensory system. In rehabilitation where total intervention unifying the motor and sensory aspects of motor control is important, learning through imitation, which is associated with the mirror neuron system can be effective and suitable. In this paper, we introduce the clinical applications of imitated movement in rehabilitation from motor impairment after brain damage and phantom limb pain after limb amputation.
镜像神经元系统的发现极大地改变了神经科学中运动控制的研究。镜像神经元系统提供了一个概念框架，涵盖了运动控制中的运动以及感觉功能方面。以往对运动控制的研究可分为对运动功能或感觉功能的研究，这两类研究似乎是独立发展的。然而，在需要运动学习的康复过程中，例如肢体麻痹后重新学习运动，运动输出的反馈感觉信息以及运动指令都是必不可少的。在慢性疼痛的康复过程中，运动锻炼是治疗感觉系统功能障碍引起的疼痛最有效的方法之一。在统一运动控制的运动和感觉方面的全面干预很重要的康复中，通过与镜像神经元系统相关的模仿进行学习可能是有效且合适的。在本文中，我们介绍了模仿运动在脑损伤后运动障碍和肢体截肢后幻肢痛康复中的临床应用。
