Culhane Marie R, Detmer Susan E
Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, University of Minnesota, 1333 Gortner Avenue, Saint Paul, MN, 55108, USA,
Methods Mol Biol. 2014;1161:259-63. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4939-0758-8_21.
Detection of influenza A virus (IAV), viral antigen, nucleic acid, or antibodies in swine is dependent upon the collection of the appropriate sample type, the quality of the sample, and the proper storage and handling of the sample. The diagnostic tests to be performed should be considered prior to sample collection. Sera are acceptable samples for ELISA or hemagglutination inhibition tests, but not for real-time RT-PCR. Likewise, swabs and/or tissues are acceptable for real-time RT-PCR and virus isolation. The sample type will also depend on the age of swine that are being tested; oral fluids can be successfully collected from weaned pigs usually greater than 3 weeks of age, whereas nasal swabs should be collected from suckling pigs in the first weeks of life. This chapter outlines the collection of different specimen types and procedures for proper specimen handling.
猪流感 A 病毒（IAV）、病毒抗原、核酸或抗体的检测取决于合适样本类型的采集、样本质量以及样本的妥善储存和处理。在采集样本之前应考虑要进行的诊断测试。血清是酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）或血凝抑制试验可接受的样本，但不适用于实时逆转录聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）。同样，拭子和/或组织适用于实时 RT-PCR 和病毒分离。样本类型还将取决于所检测猪的年龄；通常可以从3周龄以上的断奶仔猪成功采集口腔液，而鼻拭子应从出生后第一周的哺乳仔猪中采集。本章概述了不同样本类型的采集以及妥善处理样本的程序。
