CROI 2014: Basic science review.

In the HIV basic science categories of the 2014 Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections, research examining obstacles to viral eradication continued to be a major component. This research encompassed areas of activity from the identification of where virus resides in individuals on suppressive antiretroviral therapy to studies aimed at eliminating long-lived viral reservoirs that persist in the face of therapy. In the area of antiviral restrictions, a number of presentations highlighted the ability of host factors to profoundly shape the interplay between virus and host and, in particular, how innate immune response opposes viral infection through the induction of antiviral restrictions.