ICN2 - Institut Català de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia, Campus UAB, 08193, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.
Adv Mater. 2014 Aug 13;26(30):5079-94. doi: 10.1002/adma.201401389. Epub 2014 Jun 5.
Graphene has attracted significant interest both for exploring fundamental science and for a wide range of technological applications. Chemical vapor deposition (CVD) is currently the only working approach to grow graphene at wafer scale, which is required for industrial applications. Unfortunately, CVD graphene is intrinsically polycrystalline, with pristine graphene grains stitched together by disordered grain boundaries, which can be either a blessing or a curse. On the one hand, grain boundaries are expected to degrade the electrical and mechanical properties of polycrystalline graphene, rendering the material undesirable for many applications. On the other hand, they exhibit an increased chemical reactivity, suggesting their potential application to sensing or as templates for synthesis of one-dimensional materials. Therefore, it is important to gain a deeper understanding of the structure and properties of graphene grain boundaries. Here, we review experimental progress on identification and electrical and chemical characterization of graphene grain boundaries. We use numerical simulations and transport measurements to demonstrate that electrical properties and chemical modification of graphene grain boundaries are strongly correlated. This not only provides guidelines for the improvement of graphene devices, but also opens a new research area of engineering graphene grain boundaries for highly sensitive electro-biochemical devices.
石墨烯在探索基础科学和广泛的技术应用方面都引起了极大的兴趣。化学气相沉积（CVD）是目前在晶圆级生长石墨烯的唯一可行方法，这是工业应用所必需的。不幸的是，CVD 石墨烯本质上是多晶的，原始的石墨烯晶粒由无序的晶界缝合在一起，这可能是福也可能是祸。一方面，晶界预计会降低多晶石墨烯的电学和力学性能，使这种材料在许多应用中不受欢迎。另一方面，它们表现出增强的化学反应性，这表明它们可能应用于传感或作为一维材料合成的模板。因此，深入了解石墨烯晶界的结构和性质非常重要。在这里，我们综述了在石墨烯晶界的识别和电学及化学特性方面的实验进展。我们使用数值模拟和输运测量来证明石墨烯晶界的电学性质和化学修饰是强烈相关的。这不仅为改善石墨烯器件提供了指导，也开辟了一个新的研究领域，即通过工程化石墨烯晶界来制造对电化学反应高度敏感的设备。
