Norwegian Institute for Water Research , Gaustadaléen 21, NO-0349, Oslo, Norway.
Environ Sci Technol. 2014 Jul 15;48(14):7774-80. doi: 10.1021/es5005329. Epub 2014 Jun 24.
Aquaculture production is an important industry in many countries and there has been a growth in the use of medicines to ensure the health and cost effectiveness of the industry. This study focused on the inputs of sea lice medication to the marine environment. Diflubenzuron, teflubenzuron, emamectin benzoate, cypermethrin, and deltamethrin were measured in water, sediment, and biota samples in the vicinity of five aquaculture locations along the Norwegian coast. Deltamethrin and cypermethrin were not detected above the limits of detection in any samples. Diflubenzuron, teflubenzuron, and emamectin benzoate were detected, and the data was compared the UK Environmental Quality Standards. The concentrations of emamectin benzoate detected in sediments exceed the environmental quality standard (EQS) on 5 occasions in this study. The EQS for teflubenzuron in sediment was exceeded in 67% of the samples and exceeded for diflubenzuron in 40% of the water samples collected. A crude assessment of the concentrations detected in the shrimp collected from one location and the levels at which chronic effects are seen in shrimp would suggest that there is a potential risk to shrimp. It would also be reasonable to extrapolate this to any species that undergoes moulting during its life cycle.
水产养殖是许多国家的重要产业，为了确保该产业的健康和成本效益，人们越来越多地使用药物。本研究重点关注海虱药物对海洋环境的投入。在挪威沿海五个水产养殖区附近的水、沉积物和生物群样本中测量了除虫脲、氟虫脲、甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐、氯菊酯和溴氰菊酯的含量。在任何样本中均未检测到溴氰菊酯和氯菊酯超过检出限。检测到了除虫脲、氟虫脲和甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐，并将数据与英国环境质量标准进行了比较。在本研究中，有 5 次检测到沉积物中苯甲酸盐的浓度超过环境质量标准，有 67%的沉积物样本中氟虫脲的环境质量标准超标，有 40%的水样中除虫脲超标。对从一个地点采集的对虾中检测到的浓度以及对虾出现慢性影响的水平进行粗略评估表明，对虾存在潜在风险。从生命周期中经历蜕皮的任何物种推断出这种风险也是合理的。
