Nurses' perceptions of their relationships with parents.

Twenty-five children's nurses were interviewed and asked to select and describe two relationships, one satisfying and one dissatisfying, that they had had with parents of hospitalized children. The data were analyzed using interpretive strategies, and five types of parent-nurse relationships were identified: negotiated, reciprocal, adversarial, asynchronous, and ineffective. It seemed that the nurses' relationships with parents were social rather than professional, and that the nurses had difficulty caring for certain parents. The nurses' descriptions indicated that they either did not have knowledge of communication skills, conflict management and family-centered care to provide therapeutic, goal-oriented care for parents, or had difficulty utilizing that knowledge in practice. Various factors in the environment may have contributed to these difficulties. This descriptive study was conducted to provide some understanding of the interpersonal difficulties that often exist in relationships between nurses and the parents of hospitalized children.