Laboratório de Toxicologia Ambiental, LABTOX, Departamento de Engenharia Sanitária e Ambiental, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Campus Universitário, CEP: 88040-970 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
Laboratório de Biologia Celular Vegetal, Departamento de Biologia Celular, Embriologia e Genética, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, 88049-900, CP 476 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
Sci Total Environ. 2014 Aug 15;490:807-14. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.05.056. Epub 2014 Jun 5.
Copper oxide (CuO) has various applications, as highlighted by the incorporation of this compound as a biocide of antifouling paints for coating ships and offshore oil platforms. The objective of this study was to evaluate and compare the aquatic toxicity of CuO nanoparticles (NPs) and microparticles (MPs) through acute and chronic toxicity tests with the freshwater microcrustacean Daphnia magna and an acute toxicity test with the bioluminescent marine bacteria Vibrio fischeri. Acute toxicity results for D. magna in tests with CuO NPs (EC50, 48 h=22 mg L(-1)) were ten times higher than those for tests with CuO MPs (EC50, 48 h=223.6 mg L(-1)). In both periods of exposure of V. fischeri, the CuO NPs (EC50, 15m 248±56.39 - equivalent to 12.40%; EC50, 30 m 257.6±30.8 mg L(-1) - equivalent to 12.88%) were more toxic than the CuO MPs (EC50, 15m 2404.6±277.4 - equivalent to 60.10%; EC50, 30 m 1472.9±244.7 mg L(-1) - equivalent to 36.82%). In chronic toxicity tests, both forms of CuO showed significant effects (p<0.05) on the growth and reproduction parameters of the D. magna relative to the control. Additionally, morphological changes, such as lack of apical spine development and malformed carapaces in D. magna, were observed for organisms after the chronic test. The toxicity results demonstrate that CuO NPs have a higher level of toxicity than CuO MPs, emphasizing the need for comparative toxicological studies to correctly classify these two forms of CuO with identical CAS registration numbers.
氧化铜 (CuO) 具有多种应用，其中包括将该化合物作为船舶和近海石油平台防污涂料的杀菌剂。本研究的目的是通过使用淡水桡足类动物大型溞 (Daphnia magna) 进行急性和慢性毒性试验以及使用发光海洋细菌费氏弧菌 (Vibrio fischeri) 进行急性毒性试验，来评估和比较氧化铜纳米颗粒 (NPs) 和微米颗粒 (MPs) 的水生毒性。在使用 CuO NPs 的 D. magna 急性毒性试验中（48 h 的 EC50 为 22 mg L(-1)），结果显示其毒性比使用 CuO MPs 的试验（48 h 的 EC50 为 223.6 mg L(-1)）高出十倍。在费氏弧菌暴露的两个时期，CuO NPs（EC50，15m 248±56.39 - 相当于 12.40%；EC50，30 m 257.6±30.8 mg L(-1) - 相当于 12.88%）比 CuO MPs（EC50，15m 2404.6±277.4 - 相当于 60.10%；EC50，30 m 1472.9±244.7 mg L(-1) - 相当于 36.82%）更为有毒。在慢性毒性试验中，与对照组相比，两种形式的 CuO 均对大型溞的生长和繁殖参数产生了显著影响（p<0.05）。此外，在慢性试验后，观察到大型溞出现形态变化，如缺乏顶棘发育和甲壳畸形。毒性结果表明，CuO NPs 的毒性水平高于 CuO MPs，这强调了需要进行比较毒理学研究，以正确分类这两种具有相同 CAS 登记号的 CuO 形式。
