Sundari Ravindran T K
Professor, Achutha Menon Centre for Health Science Studies, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Trivandrum, Kerala, India.
Reprod Health Matters. 2014 May;22(43):14-27. doi: 10.1016/S0968-8080(14)43751-0.
Universal access to sexual and reproductive health services is one of the goals of the International Conference on Population and Development of 1994. The Millennium Development Goals were intended above all to end poverty. Universal access to health and health services are among the goals being considered for the post-2015 agenda, replacing or augmenting the MDGs. Yet we are not only far from reaching any of these goals but also appear to have lost our way somewhere along the line. Poverty and lack of food security have, through their multiple linkages to health and access to health care, deterred progress towards universal access to health services, including for sexual and reproductive health needs. A more insidious influence is neoliberal globalisation. This paper describes neoliberal globalisation and the economic policies it has engendered, the ways in which it influences poverty and food security, and the often unequal impact it has had on women as compared to men. It explores the effects of neoliberal economic policies on health, health systems, and universal access to health care services, and the implications for access to sexual and reproductive health. To be an advocate for universal access to health and health care is to become an advocate against neoliberal globalisation.
普及性与生殖健康服务是1994年国际人口与发展会议的目标之一。千年发展目标首要目的是消除贫困。普及健康及健康服务是2015年后议程正在考虑的目标之一,用以取代或补充千年发展目标。然而,我们不仅远未实现这些目标中的任何一个,而且似乎在这一过程中迷失了方向。贫困和缺乏粮食安全,通过它们与健康及获得医疗保健的多重联系,阻碍了在普及健康服务方面取得进展,包括满足性与生殖健康需求。一种更隐蔽的影响是新自由主义全球化。本文描述了新自由主义全球化及其催生的经济政策,它影响贫困和粮食安全的方式,以及与男性相比它对女性往往产生的不平等影响。它探讨了新自由主义经济政策对健康、卫生系统以及普及医疗保健服务的影响,以及对获得性与生殖健康的影响。倡导普及健康及医疗保健就是成为反对新自由主义全球化的倡导者。