Hoehn Karen
Independent international development and management consultant, Brussels, Belgium.
Reprod Health Matters. 2014 May;22(43):43-52. doi: 10.1016/S0968-8080(14)43769-8.
By and large, the financial commitments 179 nations made to the family planning and reproductive health components of ICPD in 1994 were not kept. While donors ramp up support for civil society advocacy in developing countries, in hopes of improving national funding and outcomes, recent trends in advocacy evaluation leave unanswered the broader question of whether/how international campaigning can appropriately and effectively strengthen national-level decision-making. This article provides background regarding the challenges in monitoring developing country contributions; summarizes current donor initiatives to strengthen civil society advocacy; and reviews theoretical approaches to assessing advocacy. The author identifies major advocacy limitations and proposes a three-pronged approach to harmonize international and national advocacy messages for improved, sustained increases in health funding and outcomes, namely, that local accountability is paramount, that national health programmes must be designed as legally binding entitlements, and that pro-health values and norms must be strengthened.
总体而言，179个国家在1994年对人发会议的计划生育和生殖健康部分所做出的财政承诺并未兑现。虽然捐助方加大了对发展中国家民间社会宣传活动的支持力度，期望改善国家资金投入和成果，但宣传活动评估的近期趋势并未回答一个更广泛的问题，即国际宣传活动能否以及如何适当地、有效地加强国家层面的决策。本文介绍了监测发展中国家捐款方面的挑战；总结了当前捐助方加强民间社会宣传活动的举措；并回顾了评估宣传活动的理论方法。作者指出了主要的宣传活动局限性，并提出了一种三管齐下的方法，以协调国际和国家宣传信息，从而持续有效地增加卫生资金投入并改善成果，即地方问责制至关重要、国家卫生计划必须设计成具有法律约束力的应享权利，以及必须强化有利于健康的价值观和规范。
