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藏医学的独特之处。

Unique aspect of Tibetan medicine.

作者信息

Dakpa Tenzing

出版信息

Acupunct Electrother Res. 2014;39(1):27-43. doi: 10.3727/036012914x13966138791145.

Abstract

Tibetan medicine is known as the knowledge of healing in the Four Tantras, the main medical text studied by Tibetan doctors. In the 8th century, King Trisong Deutsen (718-785 CE) invited eminent physicians from India, China, Persia, East Turkestan, Mongolia, and Nepal for the First International Medical Symposium in Samye, Tibet and ordered his personal physician Elder Yuthog Yonten Gonpo (708-833 CE), who lived 125 years, and participated in this conference to summarize. By combining all the information available and presented during this symposium, he compiled the Four Tantras. He established the Tanadug medical school at Menlung in Kongpo, Southern Tibet in 763 CE, and worked for the propagation of Tibetan medicine. He is considered an emanation of Medicine Buddha, who is a symbol of mental and physical well being. In his left hand, the Medicine Buddha clasps a begging bowl with long-life nectar, signifying immortality, and in his right, the Chebulic myrobalan (Haritaki), a symbol of good health. Chebulic myrobalan, Belleric myrobalan, and Emblic myrobalan are together called the "3 Fruits" and are common ingredients in Tibetan medicines. Prof. Omura, Y of NY Medical College evaluated these "3 Fruits" and found that one of them available as a "Haritaki," had the highest normal cell telomere increasing effect by optimal dose, with improvement of circulation all over the body, which in turn inhibits cancer activity. He considered Tibetan medicine to be the most advanced medicine in the world before the 19th Century with its well-organized systematic method as described by colorful Tibetan medical paintings by Sangye Gyamtso (1653-1705 CE). During a typical diagnosis, the physician examines the patients' tongue, radial arteries for pulse beats by the index, middle, and ring fingers of both hands and the urine for features like color, vapor, and bubbles, etc.

摘要

藏医学被称为《四部医典》中的治疗知识,这是藏医学习的主要医学典籍。公元8世纪,赤松德赞(公元718 - 785年)邀请了来自印度、中国、波斯、东突厥斯坦、蒙古和尼泊尔的著名医生参加在西藏桑耶举行的第一届国际医学研讨会,并命令他的私人医生宇妥·云丹贡布长老(公元708 - 833年,享年125岁)参加此次会议并进行总结。通过整合此次研讨会上所有可得及呈现的信息,他编撰了《四部医典》。公元763年,他在西藏南部孔波的门隆建立了塔那度医学院,并致力于藏医学的传播。他被认为是药师佛的化身,药师佛是身心健康的象征。药师佛左手托着盛有长生甘露的钵盂,象征不朽;右手持诃子,是健康的象征。诃子、毗黎勒和余甘子一起被称为“三果”,是藏药中的常见成分。纽约医学院的大村义雄教授对这“三果”进行了评估,发现其中一种作为“诃子”的果实,在最佳剂量下对正常细胞端粒的增加效果最为显著,能促进全身血液循环,进而抑制癌症活动。他认为,正如桑结嘉措(公元1653 - 1705年)色彩斑斓的藏医绘画所描述的那样,藏医学在19世纪之前是世界上最先进的医学,其方法系统完备。在典型的诊断过程中,医生会检查患者的舌头、用双手的食指、中指和无名指按触桡动脉以感受脉搏,还会观察尿液的颜色、蒸汽、气泡等特征。

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