Mansourian Arash, Manouchehri Amin, Shirazian Shiva, Moslemi Elham, Haghpanah Golnaz
Associated Professor, Dental Research Center Dentistry Research Institute, Department of Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Associated Professor, Department of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
J Dent (Tehran). 2013 Nov;10(6):487-93. Epub 2013 Nov 30.
Renal transplantation is performed in patients with end stage renal disease as the best treatment plan. However, different complications may occur in these patients due to the direct consequences of the renal disease or drug-induced suppression of the body immune system. The main objective of the present study was to compare different oral lesions in patients receiving renal transplantation with the patients undergoing dialysis referred to two hospitals in Tehran, Iran.
In this cross-sectional study, 93 renal transplant patients who had received renal transplant at least 6 months prior to our study, were selected from their records at the hospitals. Furthermore, 93 candidates of renal transplantation were selected as the control group. The patients in both case and control groups underwent oral examinations and the results were analyzed by chi-square test and Spearman correlation coefficient.
At least one oral lesion was found in 30 (32.2%) patients in the renal transplant group and 8 (8.6%) patents in the control subjects. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (p<0.0001). The most prevalent lesion was xerostomia observed in 20 patients of the renal transplant group and 4 patients in the control group. The odds ratio of cyclosporine and amlodipine and the effect of these in increasing the risk of oral lesions was 1.21 and 1.02, respectively in renal transplant recipients.
The results of the study showed that renal transplantation significantly increases the risk of related oral lesions. Therefore, renal transplant recipients must undergo regular oral examinations in order to find any suspicious lesion(s) as soon as possible to treat them.
肾移植是终末期肾病患者的最佳治疗方案。然而，由于肾病的直接后果或药物引起的机体免疫系统抑制，这些患者可能会出现不同的并发症。本研究的主要目的是比较伊朗德黑兰两家医院接受肾移植的患者与接受透析的患者的不同口腔病变情况。
在这项横断面研究中，从医院记录中选取了93例在我们研究前至少已接受肾移植6个月的肾移植患者。此外，选取93例肾移植候选者作为对照组。对病例组和对照组患者均进行口腔检查，并通过卡方检验和Spearman相关系数分析结果。
肾移植组30例（32.2%）患者和对照组8例（8.6%）患者至少发现一处口腔病变。两组之间的差异具有统计学意义（p<0.0001）。最常见的病变是口干，肾移植组有20例患者出现，对照组有4例患者出现。肾移植受者中，环孢素和氨氯地平的比值比及其增加口腔病变风险的作用分别为1.21和1.02。
研究结果表明，肾移植显著增加了相关口腔病变的风险。因此，肾移植受者必须定期进行口腔检查，以便尽快发现任何可疑病变并进行治疗。
