Ramboer Eva, De Craene Bram, De Kock Joery, Vanhaecke Tamara, Berx Geert, Rogiers Vera, Vinken Mathieu
Department of Toxicology, Center for Pharmaceutical Research, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090 Brussel, Belgium.
Unit of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, Inflammation Research Center, VIB, Technologiepark 927, 9052 Zwijnaarde, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium.
J Hepatol. 2014 Oct;61(4):925-43. doi: 10.1016/j.jhep.2014.05.046. Epub 2014 Jun 6.
The liver has the unique capacity to regenerate in response to a damaging event. Liver regeneration is hereby largely driven by hepatocyte proliferation, which in turn relies on cell cycling. The hepatocyte cell cycle is a complex process that is tightly regulated by several well-established mechanisms. In vitro, isolated hepatocytes do not longer retain this proliferative capacity. However, in vitro cell growth can be boosted by immortalization of hepatocytes. Well-defined immortalization genes can be artificially overexpressed in hepatocytes or the cells can be conditionally immortalized leading to controlled cell proliferation. This paper discusses the current immortalization techniques and provides a state-of-the-art overview of the actually available immortalized hepatocyte-derived cell lines and their applications.
肝脏具有在受到损伤时进行再生的独特能力。肝脏再生在很大程度上由肝细胞增殖驱动，而肝细胞增殖又依赖于细胞周期循环。肝细胞的细胞周期是一个复杂的过程，受到多种成熟机制的严格调控。在体外，分离的肝细胞不再保留这种增殖能力。然而，通过使肝细胞永生化可以促进体外细胞生长。明确的永生化基因可以在肝细胞中人工过度表达，或者细胞可以被条件性永生化，从而导致可控的细胞增殖。本文讨论了当前的永生化技术，并对实际可用的永生化肝细胞系及其应用提供了最新概述。
