Department of Biological Sciences, Sam Houston State University, 1900 Avenue I, Huntsville, TX 77341, USA.
Int J Mol Sci. 2024 Jul 19;25(14):7905. doi: 10.3390/ijms25147905.
Primary cell culture is a powerful model system to address fundamental questions about organismal physiology at the cellular level, especially for species that are difficult, or impossible, to study under natural or semi-natural conditions. Due to their ease of use, primary fibroblast cultures are the dominant model system, but studies using both somatic and germ cells are also common. Using these models, genome evolution and phylogenetic relationships, the molecular and biochemical basis of differential longevities among species, and the physiological consequences of life history evolution have been studied in depth. With the advent of new technologies such as gene editing and the generation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC), the field of molecular evolutionary physiology will continue to expand using both descriptive and experimental approaches.
原代细胞培养是一种强大的模型系统，可以解决关于生物体在细胞水平上的基本生理学问题，特别是对于那些在自然或半自然条件下难以或不可能研究的物种。由于其易于使用，原代成纤维细胞培养是占主导地位的模型系统，但使用体细胞和生殖细胞的研究也很常见。利用这些模型，对基因组进化和系统发育关系、物种之间不同寿命的分子和生化基础，以及生命历史进化的生理后果进行了深入研究。随着基因编辑和诱导多能干细胞（iPSC）生成等新技术的出现，分子进化生理学领域将继续通过描述性和实验性方法扩展。
