Stewart Lynn A, Hamilton Ellen, Wilton Geoff, Cousineau Colette, Varrette Steven K
Correctional Service of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
Nunavut Arctic College, Iqaluit, Canada.
Int J Offender Ther Comp Criminol. 2015 Nov;59(12):1338-57. doi: 10.1177/0306624X14536374. Epub 2014 Jun 9.
This study examines the effectiveness of the Tupiq program, a culturally specific program for Inuit sex offenders that incorporates cognitive behavioural methods with traditional Inuit knowledge and culture led by Inuit healers and facilitators. Outcomes of 61 offenders who participated in the Tupiq program and were released were compared with outcomes of a cohort of 114 released Inuit sex offenders incarcerated during the same time period who had taken alternative sex offender treatment programs, or had not attended any sex offender program. On release, Tupiq participants had significantly lower rates of general reoffending and violent reoffending than those in the combined comparison group. The hazard of reoffending for the comparison group was almost twice that of the Tupiq group. Although the sexual reoffending rate for the Tupiq participants was less than half of that of the comparison group, the difference between the two groups was not significant because of reduced statistical power. Survival analysis controlling for covariates confirmed significantly lower rates of general reoffending for the Tupiq group. Further analyses comparing the outcomes of the subgroup of offenders in the comparison group who participated in alternative sex offender treatment programs with those who participated in Tupiq indicated that Tupiq participants had significantly lower rates of both general and sexual reoffending. These positive results for this culturally specific program suggest that similarly designed interventions have a probability of contributing to the reduction of sexual offending within Inuit communities and, potentially, other jurisdictions that work with cultural minority sex offender groups from relatively isolated communities.
本研究考察了图皮克项目的成效。该项目是针对因纽特人性犯罪者的一个具有文化特色的项目，由因纽特治疗师和协助者主导，将认知行为方法与因纽特传统知识和文化相结合。对61名参与图皮克项目并获释的犯罪者的结果，与同期获释的114名因纽特人性犯罪者队列的结果进行了比较，后者参加了替代性性犯罪者治疗项目，或未参加任何性犯罪者项目。在获释时，图皮克项目的参与者一般再犯率和暴力再犯率明显低于合并后的对照组。对照组的再犯风险几乎是图皮克组的两倍。尽管图皮克项目参与者的性再犯率不到对照组的一半，但由于统计效力降低，两组之间的差异并不显著。控制协变量的生存分析证实，图皮克组的一般再犯率明显较低。进一步分析比较了对照组中参加替代性性犯罪者治疗项目的犯罪者亚组与参加图皮克项目的犯罪者亚组的结果，结果表明，图皮克项目参与者的一般再犯率和性再犯率均明显较低。这个具有文化特色项目的这些积极结果表明，类似设计的干预措施有可能有助于减少因纽特人社区内的性犯罪，并且可能有助于其他与相对孤立社区的文化少数性犯罪者群体合作的司法管辖区减少性犯罪。
