Jain Akanksha, Tyagi Prashant, Kaur Prabhjeet, Puliyel Jacob, Sreenivas Vishnu
Department of Pediatrics, St Stephen's Hospital, Tis Hazari, Delhi, India.
Department of Biostatistics, AIIMS, New Delhi, India.
BMJ Open. 2014 Jun 9;4(6):e003545. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2013-003545.
To examine the influence of gender of the baby on exclusive breastfeeding and incidence of postnatal depression (PND). We hypothesise that in a society with a male gender bias there may be more PND and less exclusive breastfeeding of the girl child.
Prospective study.
The study was conducted in an urban, tertiary hospital in Delhi.
Mothers delivering normally with their babies roomed-in.1537 eligible women participated in the study.
Exclusive breastfeeding within the first 48 h of life and score on the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) were recorded.
3466 babies were born in the hospital. There were 792 girls for every 1000 boys. Among primiparous women, the sex ratio was 901 girls per 1000 boys. For second babies, the sex ratio was 737:1000. If the first child was a girl the birth ratio fell to 632. 1026 mothers were exclusively breastfeeding. Exclusive breastfeeding of boys was significantly higher (70.8% vs 61.5%, p<0.001). The EPDS score was significantly higher with the birth of girls (EPDS 6.0±3.39 vs 5.4±2.87, p<0.01). Women with an EPDS score >11 were less likely to exclusively breastfeed (p<0.01).
The results point to a pro-male gender bias evidenced by a low sex ratio at birth, higher EPDS score in mothers of girls and less breastfeeding of female children.
研究婴儿性别对纯母乳喂养及产后抑郁症（PND）发病率的影响。我们假设在一个存在男性性别偏好的社会中，可能会有更多的产后抑郁症，而女婴的纯母乳喂养率更低。
前瞻性研究。
该研究在德里的一家城市三级医院进行。
正常分娩且母婴同室的母亲。1537名符合条件的女性参与了该研究。
记录出生后48小时内的纯母乳喂养情况以及爱丁堡产后抑郁量表（EPDS）得分。
医院共出生3466名婴儿。每1000名男孩对应792名女孩。初产妇中，男女比例为每1000名男孩对应901名女孩。二胎中，男女比例为737:1000。如果头胎是女孩，二胎的男女比例降至632。共有1026名母亲进行纯母乳喂养。男孩的纯母乳喂养率显著更高（70.8%对61.5%，p<0.001）。女孩出生时，母亲的EPDS得分显著更高（EPDS 6.0±3.39对5.4±2.87，p<0.01）。EPDS得分>11的女性进行纯母乳喂养的可能性较小（p<0.01）。
结果表明存在有利于男性的性别偏好，表现为出生性别比低、女孩母亲的EPDS得分较高以及女婴母乳喂养率较低。
