Hoerl Christoph
Department of Philosophy, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom.
Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2014 Oct;1326:90-6. doi: 10.1111/nyas.12471. Epub 2014 Jun 9.
It is often thought that there is little that seems more obvious from experience than that time objectively passes, and that time is, in this respect, quite unlike space. Yet nothing in the physical picture of the world seems to correspond to the idea of such an objective passage of time. In this paper, I discuss some attempts to explain this apparent conflict between appearance and reality. I argue that existing attempts to explain the conflict as the result of a perceptual illusion fail, and that it is, in fact, the nature of memory, rather than perception, that explains why we are inclined to think of time as passing. I also offer a diagnosis as to why philosophers have sometimes been tempted to think that an objective passage of time seems to figure directly in perceptual experience, even though it does not.
人们常常认为，从经验来看，几乎没有什么比时间客观地流逝更显而易见的了，而且在这方面，时间与空间截然不同。然而，在世界的物理图景中，似乎没有任何东西与时间这种客观流逝的观念相对应。在本文中，我讨论了一些试图解释这种表象与现实之间明显冲突的尝试。我认为，现有的将这种冲突解释为感知错觉结果的尝试是失败的，事实上，是记忆的本质而非感知，解释了为什么我们倾向于认为时间在流逝。我还对为什么哲学家有时会倾向于认为时间的客观流逝似乎直接出现在感知经验中（尽管实际上并非如此）给出了一种诊断。
