Droit-Volet Sylvie, Dambrun Michaël
Université Clermont Auvergne, National Scientific Research Center (CNRS), Clermont-Ferrand, France.
Psych J. 2019 Mar;8(1):51-65. doi: 10.1002/pchj.270. Epub 2019 Feb 10.
What do humans mean when they say that time passes quickly or slowly? In this article, we try to respond to this question on the basis of our studies on the judgment of the passage of time and its links with the judgment of physical durations. The awareness of the passage of time when consciousness is altered by meditation is also discussed. A dissociation is then made among the "self-time perspective," the "self-duration" (internal duration), and the "world-duration" (external duration). A link is also established between the self-time perspective and the "narrative self," on one hand, and the self-duration and the "minimal self," on the other hand, that is confirmed in our qualitative analysis of testimonials of four meditators. The awareness of self-duration is thus related to the awareness of the embodied self. When the sense of self is altered and the consciousness of the body is lower, then the subjective experience of internal time changes. However, the mechanisms allowing the disappearance of the self with the feeling of being outside time during meditation remains to be elucidated.
当人们说时间过得快或慢时，这是什么意思？在本文中，我们试图基于对时间流逝判断及其与物理时长判断之间联系的研究来回答这个问题。我们还将讨论当意识因冥想而改变时对时间流逝的感知。然后，我们区分了“自我时间视角”、“自我时长”（内在时长）和“世界时长”（外在时长）。一方面，自我时间视角与“叙事自我”之间建立了联系；另一方面，自我时长与“最小自我”之间也建立了联系，这一点在我们对四位冥想者的证词进行定性分析时得到了证实。因此，对自我时长的感知与对具身自我的感知相关。当自我感改变且身体意识降低时，内在时间的主观体验就会发生变化。然而，在冥想过程中，让自我消失并产生置身于时间之外感觉的机制仍有待阐明。
