Environ Microbiol. 2014 Jan;16(1):72-83. doi: 10.1111/1462-2920.12190.
Studies addressing microbial biogeography haveincreased during the past decade, but research onmicrobial distribution patterns is still in its infancies,and many aspects are only poorly understood. Here,we compared the methanotroph community in paddysoils sampled in Indonesia, Vietnam, China and Italy,focusing on the distance–decay relationship.We usedthe pmoA gene as marker for methanotroph diversityin terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism,microarray and pyrosequencing approaches. Wecould observe a significant increase of β-diversity with geographical distance across continents (12 000 km).Measured environmental parameters explained only asmall amount of data variation, and we found no evidencefor dispersal limitation. Thus, we propose historicalcontingencies being responsible for theobserved patterns. Furthermore, we performed anin-depth analysis of type II methanotroph pmoA distributionat the sequence level. We used ordinationanalysis to project sequence dissimilarities into athree-dimensional space (multidimensional scaling).The ordination suggests that type II methanotrophs inpaddy fields can be divided into five major groups.However, these groups were found to be distributed inall soils independent of the geographic origin. Byincluding tropical field sites (Indonesia and Vietnam)into the analysis, we further observed the firstpaddy fields harbouring a methanotroph communitydepleted in type II methanotrophs.
过去十年间，针对微生物生物地理学的研究不断增加，但有关微生物分布模式的研究仍处于起步阶段，许多方面仍知之甚少。在这里，我们比较了印度尼西亚、越南、中国和意大利稻田土壤中甲烷营养菌群落，重点研究了距离衰减关系。我们使用 pmoA 基因作为末端限制性片段长度多态性、微阵列和焦磷酸测序方法中甲烷营养菌多样性的标记。我们可以观察到，随着跨大陆（12000 公里）的地理距离的增加，β多样性显著增加。测量的环境参数仅能解释很小一部分数据变异，并且我们没有发现扩散限制的证据。因此，我们提出历史偶然性是造成所观察到模式的原因。此外，我们还在序列水平上对 II 型甲烷营养菌 pmoA 的分布进行了深入分析。我们使用排序分析将序列差异投影到三维空间（多维尺度分析）中。排序表明，稻田中的 II 型甲烷营养菌可以分为五个主要组。然而，这些组被发现分布在所有土壤中，与地理起源无关。通过将热带田间地点（印度尼西亚和越南）纳入分析，我们进一步观察到第一批稻田中甲烷营养菌群落中 II 型甲烷营养菌减少。
