Rev Neurosci. 2014;25(5):713-39. doi: 10.1515/revneuro-2014-0026.
The interaction between the immune and nervous systems suggests invaluable mechanisms for several pathological conditions, especially neurodegenerative disorders. Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a potentially disabling chronic autoimmune disease, characterized by chronic inflammation and neurodegenerative pathology of the central nervous system. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are an important family of receptors involved in host defense and in recognition of invading pathogens. The role of TLRs in the pathogenesis of autoimmune disorders such as MS is only starting to be uncovered. Recent studies suggest an ameliorative role of TLR3 and a detrimental role of other TLRs in the onset and progression of MS and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, a murine model of MS. Thus, modulating TLRs can represent an innovative immunotherapeutic approach in MS therapy. This article outlines the role of these TLRs in MS, also discussing TLR-targeted agonist or antagonists that could be used in the different stages of the disease.
免疫系统和神经系统之间的相互作用为多种病理状况提供了宝贵的机制，尤其是神经退行性疾病。多发性硬化症（MS）是一种潜在的致残性慢性自身免疫性疾病，其特征是中枢神经系统的慢性炎症和神经退行性病理。 Toll 样受体（TLRs）是一个重要的受体家族，参与宿主防御和识别入侵病原体。TLRs 在自身免疫性疾病如 MS 的发病机制中的作用才刚刚开始被揭示。最近的研究表明，TLR3 在 MS 和实验性自身免疫性脑脊髓炎（MS 的一种小鼠模型）的发病和进展中具有改善作用，而其他 TLR 则具有有害作用。因此，调节 TLR 可能代表 MS 治疗中的一种创新免疫治疗方法。本文概述了这些 TLR 在 MS 中的作用，还讨论了可用于疾病不同阶段的 TLR 靶向激动剂或拮抗剂。
