a Food Science Policy Alliance Research Center, Massachusetts Food Policy Council Advisory Committee , Amherst , MA 01002 , USA.
Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2015;55(5):689-700. doi: 10.1080/10408398.2011.654368.
The demand for safety in the US food supply from production to consumption necessitates a scientific, risk-based strategy for the management of microbiological, chemical, and physical hazards in food. The key to successful management is an increase in systematic collaboration and communication and in enforceable procedures with all domestic and international stakeholders. The enactment of the Food Safety Modernization Act (FSMA) aims to prevent or reduce large-scale food-borne illness outbreaks through stricter facility registration and records standards, mandatory prevention-based controls, increased facility inspections in the United States and internationally, mandatory recall authority, import controls, and increased consumer communication. The bill provisions are expected to cost $1.4 billion over the next four years. Effective implementation of the FSMA's 50 rules, reports, studies, and guidance documents in addition to an increased inspection burden requires further funding appropriations. Additional full-time inspectors and unprecedented foreign compliance is necessary for the full and effective implementation of the FSMA.
从生产到消费，美国食品供应的安全需求需要一种基于科学、风险的策略，以管理食品中的微生物、化学和物理危害。成功管理的关键是增加系统的协作和沟通，以及与所有国内和国际利益相关者的可执行程序。《食品安全现代化法案》（FSMA）的颁布旨在通过更严格的设施登记和记录标准、强制性基于预防的控制措施、增加美国和国际上的设施检查、强制性召回授权、进口控制以及增加消费者沟通，来预防或减少大规模食源性疾病爆发。预计未来四年，该法案的实施成本将达到 14 亿美元。除了增加检查负担外，FSMA 的 50 项规则、报告、研究和指导文件的有效实施还需要进一步的资金拨款。为了全面有效地实施 FSMA，还需要增加全职检查员和前所未有的外国合规性。
