Kanabar Dipak
Evelina London Children's Hospital, St Thomas' Hospital, Westminster Bridge Road, London, SE1 7EH, UK,
Drugs R D. 2014 Jun;14(2):45-55. doi: 10.1007/s40268-014-0052-x.
Fever is a common symptom of childhood infections that in itself does not require treatment. The UK's National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) advises home-based antipyretic treatment for low-risk feverish children only if the child appears distressed. The recommended antipyretics are ibuprofen or paracetamol (acetaminophen). They are equally recommended for the distressed, feverish child; therefore, healthcare professionals, parents and caregivers need to decide which of these agents to administer if the child is distressed. This narrative literature review examines recent data on ibuprofen and paracetamol in feverish children to determine any clinically relevant differences between these agents. The data suggest that these agents have similar safety profiles in this setting and in the absence of underlying health issues, ibuprofen seems to be more effective than paracetamol at reducing NICE's treatment criterion, 'distress' (as assessed by discomfort levels, symptom relief, and general behavior).
发热是儿童感染的常见症状，其本身无需治疗。英国国家卫生与临床优化研究所（NICE）建议，只有当低风险发热儿童出现不适时，才进行居家退热治疗。推荐的退热药是布洛芬或对乙酰氨基酚。对于出现不适的发热儿童，这两种药物同样适用；因此，如果儿童出现不适，医疗专业人员、家长和护理人员需要决定使用哪种药物。这篇叙述性文献综述研究了有关发热儿童使用布洛芬和对乙酰氨基酚的最新数据，以确定这两种药物之间任何具有临床意义的差异。数据表明，在这种情况下，这两种药物具有相似的安全性，并且在没有潜在健康问题的情况下，布洛芬在降低NICE的治疗标准“不适”（通过不适程度、症状缓解和一般行为评估）方面似乎比对乙酰氨基酚更有效。
