Ríos Gabino, Leida Carmen, Conejero Ana, Badenes María Luisa
Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Agrarias Moncada, Valencia, Spain.
Research and Innovation Center, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige Italy.
Front Plant Sci. 2014 Jun 3;5:247. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2014.00247. eCollection 2014.
Release of bud dormancy in perennial plants resembles vernalization in Arabidopsis thaliana and cereals. In both cases, a certain period of chilling is required for accomplishing the reproductive phase, and several transcription factors with the MADS-box domain perform a central regulatory role in these processes. The expression of DORMANCY-ASSOCIATED MADS-box (DAM)-related genes has been found to be up-regulated in dormant buds of numerous plant species, such as poplar, raspberry, leafy spurge, blackcurrant, Japanese apricot, and peach. Moreover, functional evidence suggests the involvement of DAM genes in the regulation of seasonal dormancy in peach. Recent findings highlight the presence of genome-wide epigenetic modifications related to dormancy events, and more specifically the epigenetic regulation of DAM-related genes in a similar way to FLOWERING LOCUS C, a key integrator of vernalization effectors on flowering initiation in Arabidopsis. We revise the most relevant molecular and genomic contributions in the field of bud dormancy, and discuss the increasing evidence for chromatin modification involvement in the epigenetic regulation of seasonal dormancy cycles in perennial plants.
多年生植物芽休眠的解除类似于拟南芥和谷类作物中的春化作用。在这两种情况下，都需要一定时期的低温来完成生殖阶段，并且几种具有MADS盒结构域的转录因子在这些过程中发挥着核心调节作用。已发现休眠相关MADS盒（DAM）相关基因在许多植物物种（如杨树、覆盆子、大戟、黑加仑、日本杏和桃子）的休眠芽中表达上调。此外，功能证据表明DAM基因参与了桃季节性休眠的调控。最近的研究结果突出了与休眠事件相关的全基因组表观遗传修饰的存在，更具体地说，是DAM相关基因的表观遗传调控，其方式类似于拟南芥中开花起始的春化效应子的关键整合因子开花位点C。我们回顾了芽休眠领域最相关的分子和基因组研究成果，并讨论了越来越多的证据表明染色质修饰参与多年生植物季节性休眠周期的表观遗传调控。
