Collin Shaun P, Hart Nathan S
School of Animal Biology and the Oceans Institute, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia.
Integr Zool. 2015 Jan;10(1):15-28. doi: 10.1111/1749-4877.12093.
Vision and photoentrainment in fishes are vital for feeding, avoiding predation, spatial orientation, navigation, social communication and the synchronization of many homeostatic functions such as activity patterns and sleep. The camera-like (image-forming) eyes of fishes are optimized to provide a clear view of their preferred ecological niche, while non-visual photoreceptors provide irradiance detection that mediates circadian photoentrainment, an endogenous time-keeping mechanism (biological clock) to respond to predictable changes in environmental conditions. Fish and fisheries are under pressure from both natural and anthropogenic perturbation, which in many cases alters the intensity and spectral composition of the light environment on which they depend for their survival. This review examines the effects of a changing light environment and turbidity on the health of fishes within a developmental and ecological context. Understanding the sensory environment of fishes is vital to predicting their responses and, ultimately, their resilience to environmental change and the potential for maintaining sustainable levels of biodiversity.
鱼类的视觉和光诱导对于觅食、躲避捕食、空间定向、导航、社交交流以及许多稳态功能（如活动模式和睡眠）的同步至关重要。鱼类类似相机（成像）的眼睛经过优化，以提供其偏好生态位的清晰视野，而非视觉光感受器则提供辐照度检测，介导昼夜光诱导，这是一种内源性计时机制（生物钟），用于应对环境条件的可预测变化。鱼类和渔业受到自然和人为干扰的双重压力，在许多情况下，这些干扰会改变它们赖以生存的光环境的强度和光谱组成。本综述在发育和生态背景下研究了不断变化的光环境和浊度对鱼类健康的影响。了解鱼类的感官环境对于预测它们的反应至关重要，最终对于预测它们对环境变化的恢复力以及维持生物多样性可持续水平的潜力也至关重要。
