Munera-Picazo Sandra, Burló Francisco, Carbonell-Barrachina Ángel Antonio
a Department of Agro-Food Technology, Food Quality and Safety Group (CSA) , Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche , Orihuela , Alicante , Spain.
Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess. 2014;31(8):1358-66. doi: 10.1080/19440049.2014.933491. Epub 2014 Jul 4.
Celiac disease (CD) may affect up to 1% of the Western population. It is a disease whose diagnosis has been made mainly in childhood, but now the profile has changed, with one out of five newly diagnosed individuals being over 65 years old. The only treatment for this population is a gluten-free diet. Therefore, the objective of this study was to analyse the occurrence of arsenic (As) in gluten-free products, basically those rice-based, intended for celiac adult consumers. The current study demonstrated that these rice-based products contained important contents of total arsenic (t-As) (up to 120 μg kg(-1)) and inorganic arsenic (i-As) (up to 85.8 μg kg(-1)). It was estimated that the contents of t-As and i-As in rice used as the main ingredient of these foods were as high as 235 and 198 μg kg(-1), respectively. The estimated daily intake of i-As was 0.46 and 0.45 μg kg(-1) bw in women and men of 58 and 75 kg of body weight (bw), respectively. These values indicate that a health risk to these consumers cannot be excluded. Finally, legislation is needed to delimit the safety intake by health agencies and to improve the labelling of these special rice-based foods for celiac adult consumers. The label should include information about percentage, geographical origin and cultivar of the rice used; besides and if companies want to clearly prove the safety of their products, the exact content of i-As should also be included.
乳糜泻（CD）在西方人群中的发病率可能高达1%。这种疾病的诊断主要在儿童期，但现在情况有所变化，新诊断的患者中有五分之一年龄超过65岁。针对这一人群的唯一治疗方法是无麸质饮食。因此，本研究的目的是分析供成年乳糜泻患者食用的无麸质产品（主要是大米制品）中砷（As）的含量。当前研究表明，这些大米制品中总砷（t-As）（高达120μg/kg）和无机砷（i-As）（高达85.8μg/kg）含量较高。据估计，作为这些食品主要原料的大米中t-As和i-As含量分别高达235μg/kg和198μg/kg。对于体重分别为58kg和75kg的女性和男性，估计i-As的每日摄入量分别为0.46μg/kg bw和0.45μg/kg bw。这些数值表明，不能排除对这些消费者的健康风险。最后，需要立法来界定卫生机构的安全摄入量，并改善这些供成年乳糜泻患者食用的特殊大米制品的标签。标签应包括所用大米的百分比、地理来源和品种信息；此外，如果企业想明确证明其产品的安全性，还应包括i-As的确切含量。
