Hobi S, Mueller R S
Stefan Hobi, Medizinische Kleintierklinik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Veterinärstraße 13, 80539 München, Germany, Email:
Tierarztl Prax Ausg K Kleintiere Heimtiere. 2014;42(3):167-73.
Canine atopic dermatitis is a very common disease in small animal practice. Its only specific treatment is allergen immunotherapy. In rush-immunotherapy (RIT) increasing doses of allergen extract are injected subcutaneously in short intervals. Maintenance doses are achieved within one day compared to weeks or months with conventional immunotherapy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of RIT with alum-precipitated allergens.
A series of 20 dogs with atopic dermatitis underwent RIT with alum-precipitated allergens. Pruritus and medications at the start of the immunotherapy and 12 months afterwards were compared and adverse effects were recorded.
Significant improvement in pruritus (p = 0.0001) and medication scores (p = 0.0004) was noted after approximately 12 months of treatment. The observed clinical response was good to excellent in 70% of the dogs, consistent with other published reports. One dog vomited once during the induction day, with no other clinical problems and completion of the normal protocol. The other 19 dogs showed no adverse effects at all during or after RIT.
RIT with alum-precipitated allergens seems to be a safe and efficacious method to treat dogs with atopic dermatitis.
犬特应性皮炎是小动物临床中一种非常常见的疾病。其唯一的特异性治疗方法是变应原免疫疗法。在快速免疫疗法（RIT）中，短时间间隔内皮下注射递增剂量的变应原提取物。与传统免疫疗法需要数周或数月才能达到维持剂量相比，快速免疫疗法在一天内即可达到维持剂量。本研究的目的是评估用明矾沉淀变应原进行快速免疫疗法的安全性和有效性。
对20只患有特应性皮炎的犬进行了用明矾沉淀变应原的快速免疫疗法。比较了免疫疗法开始时和12个月后的瘙痒情况及用药情况，并记录了不良反应。
经过约12个月的治疗，瘙痒（p = 0.0001）和用药评分（p = 0.0004）有显著改善。70%的犬观察到的临床反应为良好至优秀，与其他已发表的报告一致。一只犬在诱导日呕吐了一次，无其他临床问题，且完成了正常方案。另外19只犬在快速免疫疗法期间或之后均未出现不良反应。
用明矾沉淀变应原进行快速免疫疗法似乎是治疗犬特应性皮炎的一种安全有效的方法。
