a Center for Health and Gender Equity (CHANGE) , Washington , DC , USA.
Glob Public Health. 2014;9(6):620-30. doi: 10.1080/17441692.2014.921828. Epub 2014 Jun 12.
The 1994 International Conference on Population and Development (ICPD) in Cairo marked a paradigm shift that took family planning out of a population control context and into the broader context of sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR). While progress has been made with increased access to family planning and a decrease in maternal deaths, we have not seen practical results for the majority of women and girls worldwide, who still experience unacceptably high rates of maternal deaths, unmet contraceptive needs and HIV infections. Three of the compromises made by governments at Cairo - integration, reproductive rights and resource allocation - hindered the fulfilment of women's and girls' SRHR. The post-2015 agenda must ensure that economic development and global health interventions are linked at the national and global levels; family planning, HIV, maternal health and other reproductive health services are integrated and delivered through primary health settings; and access to safe and voluntary abortion services is recognised as a human right. Non-governmental organisations and donors must move beyond siloed issue areas to challenge governments, multilateral agencies, the financial sector and each other to ensure that the promise of SRHR is realised.
1994 年在开罗举行的国际人口与发展会议(ICPD)标志着一种范式转变,将计划生育从人口控制的背景中脱离出来,纳入更广泛的性健康和生殖健康及权利(SRHR)的背景中。虽然在增加计划生育的可及性和降低孕产妇死亡率方面取得了进展,但我们并没有看到全球大多数妇女和女孩的实际成果,她们仍然面临着不可接受的高孕产妇死亡率、未满足的避孕需求和 HIV 感染率。政府在开罗做出的三项妥协——综合、生殖权利和资源分配——阻碍了妇女和女孩的 SRHR 的实现。2015 年后议程必须确保在国家和全球各级将经济发展和全球卫生干预措施联系起来;通过初级保健机构整合和提供计划生育、艾滋病毒、孕产妇保健和其他生殖健康服务;并承认安全和自愿堕胎服务是一项人权。非政府组织和捐助方必须超越孤立的问题领域,向各国政府、多边机构、金融部门和彼此提出挑战,以确保 SRHR 的承诺得以实现。