Xiangya Nursing School, Central South University, No.172, Tongzipo Road, Changsha, Hunan province, 410013, People's Republic of China.
BMC Health Serv Res. 2019 Aug 1;19(1):540. doi: 10.1186/s12913-019-4334-4.
The floating population serves an important role in economic and social development. However, little is known about the floating population's reproductive health (RH) services, especially in low- and middle-income countries. This study aimed to assess the use of reproductive health services in the female floating population in China, which is a country with the largest floating population in the world.
A cross-sectional survey was conducted for more than 3 months. Six hundred twenty females of childbearing age in a floating population were recruited into the study by using random sampling, with these individuals being recruited from six community centres in Changsha, China. The use of reproductive health services was assessed by utilizing a self-designed questionnaire.
A total of 555 participants returned the completed questionnaires (effective response rate of 89.5%), including 405 married women and 150 unmarried women. The utilization of RH services was poor in individuals who could access RH policies (39.3%), RH education (36.4%), RH counselling (27.4%), gratis contraceptives (36.0%), and free RH examinations (38.9%), and married women utilized these services at higher rates than unmarried women (P < 0.01), although 63.3% of the unmarried women had sexual lifestyles. The marital status was significantly associated with receiving RH education, RH counselling, gratis contraceptives, and free RH examinations. Age was significantly associated with the use of RH education and free RH examinations. The average personal monthly income had a significantly beneficial effect on the use of free RH examinations. Obstetrics and gynaecological disease prevention (67.2%) were the greatest needs of the RH services, and the use of the Internet was the best way to obtain these services. Most of the individuals (77.3%) hoped to receive gynaecological health screenings that were provided by obstetrics and gynaecology hospitals.
The female floating population exhibited poor awareness of RH and rarely used RH services, especially in unmarried women. The results suggest that educational interventions for the female floating population, as well as policy and resource developments should meet the demands for RH services, which are urgently needed in China.
流动人口在经济和社会发展中发挥着重要作用。然而，对于流动人口的生殖健康（RH）服务，特别是在中低收入国家，人们知之甚少。本研究旨在评估中国流动人口中女性生殖健康服务的利用情况，中国是世界上流动人口最多的国家。
采用横断面调查，历时 3 个多月。采用随机抽样的方法，从中国长沙的 6 个社区中心招募了 620 名育龄期女性流动人口作为研究对象。利用自行设计的问卷评估生殖健康服务的利用情况。
共收回 555 份有效问卷（有效应答率为 89.5%），其中已婚妇女 405 人，未婚妇女 150 人。能够获得生殖健康政策（39.3%）、生殖健康教育（36.4%）、生殖健康咨询（27.4%）、免费避孕药具（36.0%）和免费生殖健康检查（38.9%）的流动人口对生殖健康服务的利用率较低，已婚妇女的利用率高于未婚妇女（P<0.01），尽管 63.3%的未婚妇女有性生活。婚姻状况与接受生殖健康教育、生殖健康咨询、免费避孕药具和免费生殖健康检查显著相关。年龄与接受生殖健康教育和免费生殖健康检查显著相关。个人月平均收入与免费生殖健康检查的利用呈正相关。妇产科疾病预防（67.2%）是生殖健康服务的最大需求，利用互联网是获得这些服务的最佳途径。大多数人（77.3%）希望接受妇产科医院提供的妇科健康检查。
流动人口女性对生殖健康的认识较差，很少使用生殖健康服务，特别是未婚女性。结果表明，应针对流动人口女性开展教育干预，并制定政策和开发资源，以满足中国对生殖健康服务的迫切需求。
