Wegner Mirko, Helmich Ingo, Machado Sergio, Nardi Antonio E, Arias-Carrion Oscar, Budde Henning
(Henning Budde) MSH Medical School Hamburg, Am Kaiserkai 1, 20457 Hamburg, Germany.
CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets. 2014;13(6):1002-14. doi: 10.2174/1871527313666140612102841.
Anxiety and depression are the most frequently diagnosed psychological diseases showing a high co-morbidity. They have a severe impact on the lives of the persons concerned. Many meta-analytical studies suggested a positive anxiolytic and depression-reducing effect of exercise programs. The aim of the present article is to synthesize metaanalyses on the effects of exercise on anxiety and depression and to describe average effect sizes. For this purpose 37 meta-analyses were included reporting 50 effect sizes for anxiety scores of 42,264 participants and depression scores of 48,207 persons. The average documented anxiolytic effect of exercise in these reviews was small, 0.34. In contrast, the effect of exercise on depression was significantly higher and at a moderate level, 0.56. Data of randomized controlled trials suggest higher sizes for the effect of exercise on anxiety and depression leading to increases up to moderate and large effects, respectively. Additionally, exercise seems to be more beneficial for patients compared to participants within a non-clinical, normal range of psychological disease. Especially for the effect of exercise on anxiety, more high quality meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials are needed. Finally, possible neurobiological explanations are suggested for the positive effect of exercise on psychological disorders like anxiety and depression.
焦虑症和抑郁症是最常被诊断出的心理疾病，且共病率很高。它们对相关人员的生活有严重影响。许多荟萃分析研究表明，运动项目具有积极的抗焦虑和减轻抑郁的作用。本文的目的是综合关于运动对焦虑和抑郁影响的荟萃分析，并描述平均效应量。为此，纳入了37项荟萃分析，报告了42264名参与者焦虑评分的50个效应量以及48207人抑郁评分的效应量。在这些综述中，运动记录的平均抗焦虑效应较小，为0.34。相比之下，运动对抑郁的影响显著更高，处于中等水平，为0.56。随机对照试验的数据表明，运动对焦虑和抑郁的影响效应量更大，分别导致达到中等和较大效应。此外，与处于非临床心理疾病正常范围的参与者相比，运动对患者似乎更有益。特别是对于运动对焦虑的影响，需要更多高质量的随机对照试验荟萃分析。最后，针对运动对焦虑和抑郁等心理障碍的积极作用，提出了可能的神经生物学解释。
