Wakita M, Kawamura H, Watanabe S
Department of Psychology, Keio University, 2-15-45 Mita, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108, Japan.
Behav Processes. 1994 Apr;31(2-3):167-76. doi: 10.1016/0376-6357(94)90004-3.
The effect of restriction of food availability on food-earning behavior was investigated in two pigeons (Columbia livia) in a closed economy paradigm. Experimental chambers that allowed them to store food were devised. They were exposed to two kinds of feeding conditions. One condition was a free-feeding condition in which the bird could earn food at any time of the day by pecking a key. The other was a restricted-feeding condition where the food availability was restricted only for a given time of day. Consequently, one bird overtly hoarded food. After the bird was exposed to the restricted-feeding condition, this bird learned to obtain extra food and left some food uneaten for later consumption. Moreover, this bird utilized the hoarded food and compensated for the reduction of the income. Thus, after an experience with the restriction of food availability, the bird learned to obtain extra food that was not consumed immediately and left it uneaten.However, in the condition where essential food but not extra food could be earned, the bird did not hoard food.
在封闭经济范式下，对两只家鸽（Columbia livia）进行了食物可获得性限制对获取食物行为影响的研究。设计了允许它们储存食物的实验箱。它们被置于两种喂食条件下。一种是自由进食条件，在此条件下，鸟儿可以通过啄键在一天中的任何时候获取食物。另一种是限制喂食条件，即食物可获得性仅在一天中的特定时间受到限制。结果，有一只鸟公然囤积食物。在这只鸟经历了限制喂食条件后，它学会了获取额外的食物，并留下一些食物以备后用。此外，这只鸟利用囤积的食物来弥补收入的减少。因此，在经历了食物可获得性限制后，这只鸟学会了获取不立即食用的额外食物并将其留下。然而，在只能获取必需食物而不能获取额外食物的条件下，这只鸟不会囤积食物。
