Brain P F, Al-Maliki S, Benton D
Departments of Zoology and Psychology, Departments of Zoology and Psychology, University College of Swansea, Swansea, SA2 8PP Great Britain.
Behav Processes. 1981 Jun;6(2):171-89. doi: 10.1016/0376-6357(81)90035-8.
An attempt was made using a combination of simple experimental manipulations and videotape recorder (VTR) analysis of bite targets employed to determine whether electroshock-induced attack on anosmic opponents in laboratory mice was an offensive or a defensive behaviour. VTR analysis suggested that ventral surface biting was more evident in this form of attack than in social conflict. Individually- and group-housed males showed similar levels of fighting on exposure to electroshock, but dominant males from pairs showed greater attack than their subordinate partners. Zinc sulphate-induced anosmia, 36 h of food deprivation, castration and lithium chloride treatment reduced electroshock-induced attack. Although significant changes were not obtained, there was some evidence that acute treatment with dexamethasone or ACTH augmented this behaviour. The direction of these changes is similar to that seen with social conflict, and it is suggested that electroshock-induced attack in the mouse (unlike the rat) is largely an aggressive offensive behaviour. The high incidence of ventral surface biting may be a consequence of the upright postures assumed on subjecting the animals to electroshock.
研究人员采用了简单实验操作与录像带记录（VTR）分析咬击目标相结合的方法，以确定实验室小鼠中电击诱导的对嗅觉缺失对手的攻击行为是进攻性还是防御性的。VTR分析表明，在这种攻击形式中，腹面咬击比在社会冲突中更为明显。单独饲养和群居的雄性小鼠在遭受电击时表现出相似的战斗水平，但成对饲养的优势雄性比其从属伙伴表现出更强的攻击性。硫酸锌诱导的嗅觉缺失、36小时禁食、阉割和氯化锂处理可减少电击诱导的攻击行为。虽然未观察到显著变化，但有一些证据表明，地塞米松或促肾上腺皮质激素（ACTH）的急性处理会增强这种行为。这些变化的方向与社会冲突中观察到的相似，研究表明，小鼠（与大鼠不同）中电击诱导的攻击行为在很大程度上是一种攻击性的进攻行为。腹面咬击的高发生率可能是动物遭受电击时采取直立姿势的结果。
