Zhao Ruozhi, Le Khuong, Li Wende, Ren Song, Moghadasian Mohammed H, Beta Trust, Shen Garry X
Department of Internal Medicine and Physiology; Xiangya Boai Rehabilitation Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China.
Department of Human Nutritional Sciences.
J Nutr Biochem. 2014 Aug;25(8):851-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2014.03.016. Epub 2014 Apr 13.
Atherosclerotic cardiovascular complications are the leading cause of death in diabetic patients. Monocyte adhesion is an early event for atherogenesis. Previous studies demonstrated that dark-skin berries had cardiovascular protective effects. We hypothesize that Saskatoon berry (SB) powder may reduce monocyte adhesion in leptin receptor-deficient (db/db) diabetic mice.
Wild-type and db/db mice were fed with chow or supplemented with SB powder. Anthocyanins in SB powder were identified using mass spectrometry. Mouse monocytes were incubated with mouse aorta. Monocyte adhesion was counted under microscopy. Inflammatory or metabolic markers in blood or tissue were analyzed using immunological or biochemical methods.
SB powder significantly reduced monocyte adhesion to aorta from diabetic db/db mice compared to regular chow. The increased monocyte adhesion to aorta was normalized in db/db mice treated with ≥5% of SB powder for 4 weeks. Increased contents of Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase (NADPH) oxidase-4, heat shock factor-1, monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP)-1, intracellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1, P-selectin, tumor necrosis factor-α, plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI)-1 and urokinase plasminogen activator in aorta or heart apex, elevated plasma PAI-1 and MCP-1 were detected in db/db mice on chow compared to wild-type mice on the same diet; 5% SB powder inhibited the increases of inflammatory, fibrinolytic or stress regulators in aorta or heart apex of db/db mice. Monocyte adhesion positively correlated with blood glucose, cholesterol, body weight, heart MCP-1, PAI-1 or ICAM-1.
The findings suggest that SB powder attenuated monocyte adhesion to aorta of db/db mice, which was potentially mediated through inhibiting the inflammatory, stress and/or fibrinolyic regulators.
动脉粥样硬化性心血管并发症是糖尿病患者的主要死因。单核细胞黏附是动脉粥样硬化形成的早期事件。先前的研究表明，深色浆果具有心血管保护作用。我们推测，萨斯卡通莓（SB）粉可能会减少瘦素受体缺陷（db/db）糖尿病小鼠的单核细胞黏附。
野生型和db/db小鼠分别喂食普通饲料或补充SB粉。用质谱法鉴定SB粉中的花青素。将小鼠单核细胞与小鼠主动脉一起孵育。在显微镜下计数单核细胞黏附情况。用免疫或生化方法分析血液或组织中的炎症或代谢标志物。
与普通饲料相比，SB粉显著降低了糖尿病db/db小鼠单核细胞与主动脉的黏附。在用≥5%的SB粉处理4周的db/db小鼠中，单核细胞与主动脉黏附的增加恢复正常。与食用相同饲料的野生型小鼠相比，食用普通饲料的db/db小鼠主动脉或心尖中烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸磷酸氧化酶（NADPH）氧化酶-4、热休克因子-1、单核细胞趋化蛋白（MCP）-1、细胞间黏附分子（ICAM）-1、P-选择素、肿瘤坏死因子-α、纤溶酶原激活物抑制剂（PAI）-1和尿激酶型纤溶酶原激活物的含量增加，血浆PAI-1和MCP-1升高；5%的SB粉抑制了db/db小鼠主动脉或心尖中炎症、纤维蛋白溶解或应激调节因子的增加。单核细胞黏附与血糖、胆固醇、体重、心脏MCP-1、PAI-1或ICAM-1呈正相关。
研究结果表明，SB粉减弱了db/db小鼠单核细胞与主动脉的黏附，这可能是通过抑制炎症、应激和/或纤维蛋白溶解调节因子介导的。
