Department of Internal Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.
Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.
J Nutr Biochem. 2021 Sep;95:108778. doi: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2021.108778. Epub 2021 May 15.
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is a common metabolic disorder associated with insulin resistance and lacks a specific treatment. Our previous studies demonstrated that freeze-dried Saskatoon berry powder (SBp) reduced high fat-high sucrose (HFHS) diet-induced hyperglycemia and insulin resistance in mice. The present study examined the effect of SBp and one of its active components, cyanidin-3-glucoside (C3G), on hepatic steatosis in mice fed with HFHS diet for 10 weeks. HFHS diet significantly increased fasting plasma glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, insulin resistance, inflammatory markers (tumor necrosis factor-α, monocyte chemotactic protein-1, plasminogen activator inbitor-1), alanine aminotransferase activity, and monocyte adhesion compared to control diet. In the liver, HFHS diet increased steatosis, lipid accumulation, collagen deposition, and the abundance of patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing 3, CCAAT-enhancer-binding protein homologous protein, toll-like receptor-4, and macrophage marker. Supplementation with SBp (5%) or C3G in an amount corresponding to that in 5% SBp to HFHS diet had similar effects to reduced fasting plasma glucose, liver steatosis, enzyme activity, lipid, collagen and macrophage deposition, hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, insulin resistance, monocyte adhesion, markers related to liver steatosis, inflammation, oxidative or endoplasmic reticulum stress in the peripheral circulation and/or liver compared to mice fed with HFHS diet alone. No significant difference in the studied variables was detected between mice treated with HFHS+SBp and C3G diet. The results suggest that SBp or C3G administration attenuates HFHS diet-induced liver steatosis in addition to insulin resistance and chronic inflammation in mice. C3G may contribute to the beneficial effects of SBp.
非酒精性脂肪性肝病是一种常见的代谢紊乱疾病，与胰岛素抵抗有关，目前尚无特异性治疗方法。我们之前的研究表明，冷冻干燥沙棘果粉（SBp）可降低高脂肪高蔗糖（HFHS）饮食诱导的小鼠高血糖和胰岛素抵抗。本研究旨在探讨 SBp 及其活性成分矢车菊素-3-葡萄糖苷（C3G）对 HFHS 饮食喂养 10 周小鼠肝脂肪变性的影响。与正常饮食相比，HFHS 饮食显著增加了空腹血糖、胆固醇、甘油三酯、胰岛素抵抗、炎症标志物（肿瘤坏死因子-α、单核细胞趋化蛋白-1、纤溶酶原激活物抑制剂-1）、丙氨酸氨基转移酶活性和单核细胞黏附。在肝脏中，HFHS 饮食增加了脂肪变性、脂质堆积、胶原沉积以及 patatin 样磷脂酶结构域包含 3、CCAAT 增强子结合蛋白同源蛋白、Toll 样受体 4 和巨噬细胞标志物的丰度。HFHS 饮食中添加 5%SBp 或相当于 5%SBp 中 C3G 的量，与单独 HFHS 饮食组相比，具有相似的降低空腹血糖、肝脏脂肪变性、酶活性、脂质、胶原和巨噬细胞沉积、高血糖、高血脂、胰岛素抵抗、单核细胞黏附、与肝脏脂肪变性、炎症、氧化或内质网应激相关的外周循环和/或肝脏标志物的作用。HFHS+SBp 和 C3G 饮食组的研究变量无显著差异。结果表明，SBp 或 C3G 可减轻 HFHS 饮食诱导的小鼠肝脏脂肪变性，以及胰岛素抵抗和慢性炎症。C3G 可能是 SBp 发挥有益作用的原因之一。
