Maltby Tomas
Politics, School of Social Sciences, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UK.
Energy Policy. 2013 Apr;55(100):435-444. doi: 10.1016/j.enpol.2012.12.031.
Focusing on gas, this article explores the role of the European Commission in the process of European Union energy security policy development, and the extent to which the policy area is becoming increasingly supranational. Situating the article within the literature on agenda-setting and framing, it is argued that a policy window was opened as a result of: enlargement to include more energy import dependent states, a trend of increasing energy imports and prices, and gas supply disruptions. From the mid-2000s, the Commission contributed to a shift in political norms, successfully framing import dependency as a problem requiring an EU-level solution, based on the institution's pre-existing preferences for a diversified energy supply and internal energy market. Whilst Member States retain significant sovereignty, the Commission has achieved since 2006 creeping competencies in the internal, and to a lesser extent external, dimensions of EU energy policy.
本文聚焦于天然气领域，探讨了欧盟委员会在欧盟能源安全政策制定过程中的作用，以及该政策领域日益超国家化的程度。将本文置于议程设置和框架构建的文献背景下，我们认为，由于以下因素，政策窗口得以打开：欧盟扩大后纳入了更多能源进口依赖型国家、能源进口和价格上涨的趋势以及天然气供应中断。从21世纪中期开始，欧盟委员会推动了政治规范的转变，基于该机构对多元化能源供应和内部能源市场的既有偏好，成功地将进口依赖框定为一个需要欧盟层面解决方案的问题。虽然成员国仍保留着重大主权，但自2006年以来，欧盟委员会在欧盟能源政策的内部维度以及较小程度上的外部维度上逐渐获得了职权。
