Mao Shanhua, Xu Hua, Zou Lujia, Xu Gang, Wu Zhong, Ding Qiang, Jiang Haowen
Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, P.R. China.
Exp Ther Med. 2014 Jun;7(6):1555-1562. doi: 10.3892/etm.2014.1663. Epub 2014 Apr 3.
Estrogen may help to preserve renal function in chronic kidney disease. This study examined whether estrogen administration or deprivation affected the split renal function in rats subjected to chronic unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO). Fifteen adult female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups. Low- and high-estrogen groups were modeled by female castration or estrogen intraperitoneal injection, respectively, and the rats in the normal-estrogen group were untreated. Intermittent split renal function [glomerular filtration rate (GFR)] examination was performed on rats on days 2, 6 and 16 after UUO surgery via single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT/CT). Routine hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, immunohistochemistry, pathology examination and electron microscopy were performed to compare the histological differences. Low-, normal- and high-estrogen groups were successfully established (P<0.001). In the acute stage, the GFR of the contralateral healthy kidney showed a greater compensatory rise in the normal- and high-estrogen groups than in the low-estrogen group (P<0.05). In the chronic stage, the GFR of the obstructed kidney continued to decrease with the GFR of the high-estrogen group being significantly better preserved than that of the low-estrogen group (P<0.05). The GFR of the contralateral kidney compensated to the greatest extent in the high-estrogen group (P=0.01), and the total GFR was significantly superior (P<0.05). Routine H&E examination showed significant histological changes following surgery. The low-estrogen group had significant renal interstitial fibrosis compared with the normal- and high-estrogen groups (P<0.05), as observed by immunohistochemical (IHC) examination of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA). Electron-microscopic (EM) examination also differentiated between groups. In conclusion, estrogen administration and deprivation significantly affected renal function. Estrogen may preserve the split renal function (GFR) in rats with chronic UUO.
雌激素可能有助于保护慢性肾脏病患者的肾功能。本研究探讨了给予或剥夺雌激素对慢性单侧输尿管梗阻（UUO）大鼠分肾功能的影响。将15只成年雌性Sprague-Dawley大鼠随机分为三组。低雌激素组和高雌激素组分别通过雌性去势或腹腔注射雌激素建立模型，正常雌激素组大鼠不做处理。在UUO手术后第2、6和16天，通过单光子发射计算机断层扫描（SPECT/CT）对大鼠进行间歇性分肾功能[肾小球滤过率（GFR）]检查。进行常规苏木精-伊红（H&E）染色、免疫组织化学、病理检查和电子显微镜检查以比较组织学差异。成功建立了低、正常和高雌激素组（P<0.001）。在急性期，正常雌激素组和高雌激素组对侧健康肾脏的GFR代偿性升高幅度大于低雌激素组（P<0.05）。在慢性期，梗阻肾脏的GFR持续下降，高雌激素组的GFR保存明显优于低雌激素组（P<0.05）。高雌激素组对侧肾脏的GFR代偿程度最大（P=0.01），总GFR明显更高（P<0.05）。常规H&E检查显示术后有明显的组织学变化。与正常雌激素组和高雌激素组相比，低雌激素组有明显的肾间质纤维化（P<0.05），这在转化生长因子-β（TGF-β）和α平滑肌肌动蛋白（α-SMA）的免疫组织化学（IHC）检查中也有观察到。电子显微镜（EM）检查也区分了各组。总之，给予和剥夺雌激素对肾功能有显著影响。雌激素可能会保护慢性UUO大鼠的分肾功能（GFR）。
