Adriaanse Marcia, Veling Wim, Doreleijers Theo, van Domburgh Lieke
Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, VU Medical Centre, PO Box 303, 1115 ZG, Duivendrecht, The Netherlands,
Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2014 Nov;23(11):1103-13. doi: 10.1007/s00787-014-0564-5. Epub 2014 Jun 14.
To investigate to what extent differences in prevalence and types of mental health problems between ethnic minority and majority youth can be explained by social disadvantage. Mental health problems were assessed in a sample of 1,278 schoolchildren (55% Dutch, 32% Moroccan and 13% Turkish; mean age: 12.9 ± 1.8) using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire self-report and teacher report. Measures of family socioeconomic status, neighbourhood deprivation, perceived discrimination, family structure, repeating a school year, housing stability and neighbourhood urbanization were used as indicators of social disadvantage, based on which a cumulative index was created. Ethnic minority youth had more externalizing and fewer internalizing problems than majority youth. Perceived discrimination and living in an unstable social environment were associated with mental health problems, independent of ethnicity. A dose-response relationship was found between social disadvantage and mental health problems. The adjusted odds ratio for mental health problems was 4.16 (95% CI 2.49-6.94) for more than four compared with zero indicators of social disadvantage. Social disadvantage was more common in ethnic minority than in majority youth, explaining part of the differences in prevalence of mental health problems. Ethnic minority youth in the Netherlands have a different profile of mental health problems than majority youth. In all ethnic groups, the risk of mental health problems increases with the degree of social disadvantage. The higher prevalence of externalizing problems among ethnic minority youth is explained partly by their disadvantaged social position. The findings suggest that social factors associated with ethnicity are likely to explain mental health problems in ethnic groups.
调查社会劣势在多大程度上可以解释少数族裔和多数族裔青少年心理健康问题的患病率及类型差异。使用优势与困难问卷自评和教师报告，对1278名学童（55%为荷兰人，32%为摩洛哥人，13%为土耳其人；平均年龄：12.9±1.8岁）进行心理健康问题评估。以家庭社会经济地位、邻里贫困、感知到的歧视、家庭结构、留级、住房稳定性和邻里城市化等指标作为社会劣势的衡量标准，并据此创建了一个累积指数。少数族裔青少年比多数族裔青少年有更多的外化问题和更少的内化问题。感知到的歧视和生活在不稳定的社会环境中与心理健康问题相关，与种族无关。发现社会劣势与心理健康问题之间存在剂量反应关系。与社会劣势指标为零相比，社会劣势指标超过四个时，心理健康问题的调整优势比为4.16（95%可信区间2.49 - 6.94）。社会劣势在少数族裔青少年中比多数族裔青少年中更常见，这解释了心理健康问题患病率差异的一部分。荷兰的少数族裔青少年心理健康问题的特征与多数族裔青少年不同。在所有种族群体中，心理健康问题的风险随着社会劣势程度的增加而增加。少数族裔青少年中外化问题患病率较高部分是由他们不利的社会地位所解释的。研究结果表明，与种族相关的社会因素可能解释了不同种族群体中的心理健康问题。
