Sharp Carla, Dellis Andrew, Hofmeyr Andre, Kincaid Harold, Ross Don
Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
J Gambl Stud. 2015 Sep;31(3):679-94. doi: 10.1007/s10899-014-9469-y.
We investigate the extent to which problem gambling in a recent South African sample, as measured by the Problem Gambling Severity Index (PGSI), is comorbid with depression, anxiety and substance abuse. Data are from the 2010 South African National Urban Prevalence Study of Gambling Behavior. A representative sample of the urban adult population in South Africa (N = 3,000). Responses to the 9-item PGSI and ratings on the Beck Depression Index, the Beck Anxiety Inventory, and the World Health Organization Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Tool (WHO ASSIST). Cross tabulations and Chi square analyses along with logistic regression analyses with and without controls for socio-demographic and/or socio-economic variables were used to identify comorbidities. The prevalence of depression, anxiety, alcohol and substance use were clearly higher among the sample at risk for problem gambling. Black African racial status and living in areas characterized by migrant mining workers was associated with increased risk of problem gambling and comorbidities. There is strong evidence that findings of comorbidities between pathological gambling and depression, anxiety and substance abuse in developed countries generalize to the developing country of South Africa. Historical context, however, gives those comorbidities a unique demographic distribution.
我们调查了在最近一个南非样本中，以问题赌博严重程度指数（PGSI）衡量的问题赌博与抑郁症、焦虑症和药物滥用共病的程度。数据来自2010年南非全国城市赌博行为患病率研究。这是一个南非城市成年人口的代表性样本（N = 3000）。对9项PGSI的回答以及贝克抑郁量表、贝克焦虑量表和世界卫生组织酒精、吸烟和药物使用筛查工具（WHO ASSIST）的评分。使用交叉表和卡方分析以及有无社会人口统计学和/或社会经济变量控制的逻辑回归分析来确定共病情况。在有问题赌博风险的样本中，抑郁症、焦虑症、酒精和药物使用的患病率明显更高。非洲黑人种族身份以及生活在以流动矿工为特征的地区与问题赌博和共病风险增加有关。有强有力的证据表明，发达国家中病理性赌博与抑郁症、焦虑症和药物滥用之间共病的研究结果也适用于南非这个发展中国家。然而，历史背景使这些共病具有独特的人口分布。
