Quigley Leanne, Yakovenko Igor, Hodgins David C, Dobson Keith S, El-Guebaly Nady, Casey David M, Currie Shawn R, Smith Garry J, Williams Robert J, Schopflocher Don P
Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 1N4, Canada.
Department of Psychiatry, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 1N4, Canada.
J Gambl Stud. 2015 Dec;31(4):1135-52. doi: 10.1007/s10899-014-9488-8.
Major depression is among the most common comorbid conditions in problem gambling. However, little is known about the effects of comorbid depression on problem gambling. The present study examined the prevalence of current major depression among problem gamblers (N = 105) identified from a community sample of men and women in Alberta, and examined group differences in gambling severity, escape motivation for gambling, family functioning, childhood trauma, and personality traits across problem gamblers with and without comorbid depression. The prevalence of major depression among the sample of problem gamblers was 32.4%. Compared to problem gamblers without depression (n = 71), problem gamblers with comorbid depression (n = 34) reported more severe gambling problems, greater history of childhood abuse and neglect, poorer family functioning, higher levels of neuroticism, and lower levels of extraversion, agreeableness, and conscientiousness. Furthermore, the problem gamblers with comorbid depression had greater levels of childhood abuse and neglect, worse family functioning, higher neuroticism, and lower agreeableness and conscientiousness than a comparison sample of recreational gamblers with depression (n = 160). These findings underscore the need to address comorbid depression in assessment and treatment of problem gambling and for continued research on how problem gambling is related to frequently co-occurring disorders such as depression.
重度抑郁症是问题赌博中最常见的共病情况之一。然而,对于共病抑郁症对问题赌博的影响知之甚少。本研究调查了从艾伯塔省社区男女样本中识别出的问题赌徒(N = 105)中当前重度抑郁症的患病率,并研究了有或无共病抑郁症的问题赌徒在赌博严重程度、赌博逃避动机、家庭功能、童年创伤和人格特质方面的组间差异。问题赌徒样本中重度抑郁症的患病率为32.4%。与无抑郁症的问题赌徒(n = 71)相比,共病抑郁症的问题赌徒(n = 34)报告的赌博问题更严重,童年虐待和忽视的历史更长,家庭功能更差,神经质水平更高,外向性、宜人性和尽责性水平更低。此外,与有抑郁症的娱乐性赌徒比较样本(n = 160)相比,共病抑郁症的问题赌徒有更高水平的童年虐待和忽视、更差的家庭功能、更高的神经质,以及更低的宜人性和尽责性。这些发现强调了在问题赌博的评估和治疗中解决共病抑郁症的必要性,以及对问题赌博如何与诸如抑郁症等经常共病的疾病相关联进行持续研究的必要性。