She Zhen-Yu, Yang Wan-Xi
The Sperm LaboratoryCollege of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yu Hang Tang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China.
The Sperm LaboratoryCollege of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yu Hang Tang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China
J Mol Endocrinol. 2014 Aug;53(1):R21-37. doi: 10.1530/JME-14-0018. Epub 2014 Jun 13.
Sex determination refers to the developmental decision that directs the bipotential genital ridge to develop as a testis or an ovary. Genetic studies on mice and humans have led to crucial advances in understanding the molecular fundamentals of sex determination and the mutually antagonistic signaling pathway. In this review, we summarize the current molecular mechanisms of sex determination by focusing on the known critical sex determining genes and their related signaling pathways in mammalian vertebrates from mice to humans. We also discuss the underlying delicate balance between testis and ovary sex determination pathways, concentrating on the antagonisms between major sex determining genes.
性别决定是指引导具有双向发育潜能的生殖嵴发育为睾丸或卵巢的发育过程。对小鼠和人类的遗传学研究在理解性别决定的分子基础以及相互拮抗的信号通路方面取得了关键进展。在这篇综述中，我们通过聚焦于从小鼠到人类的哺乳动物脊椎动物中已知的关键性别决定基因及其相关信号通路，总结了当前性别决定的分子机制。我们还讨论了睾丸和卵巢性别决定途径之间潜在的微妙平衡，重点关注主要性别决定基因之间的拮抗作用。
