Department of Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8540, Japan.
Department of Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8540, Japan; Department of Global Ecology, Graduate School of Global Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8540, Japan.
J Hazard Mater. 2014 Jul 15;276:433-41. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2014.04.063. Epub 2014 May 28.
This study used a non-heating process to stabilize mercury by mercury sulfurization. Elemental mercury and sulfur were mixed using planetary ball milling under various experimental conditions and the optimal conditions were determined. The labile intermediate, mercury sulfide, was observed in the early stages of milling, and the intermediates were then pulverized into mercury sulfide powder. These phenomena were significantly influenced by the diameter of the planetary ball. A larger diameter enhanced mercury stabilization. For a ball with a 19.04-mm diameter, the toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP) and the Japanese leaching test (JLT) values were 0.263μg/L and 0.0586μg/L, respectively, suggesting that mercury leachability was strictly controlled. When the molar ratio of sulfur to mercury was 1.05, the mercury concentration in the headspace was <1μg/Nm(3) at 20°C, which was equivalent to the level in pure reagent. The stability of the planetary ball milling product at optimum conditions was either comparable or superior to that in other stabilization techniques. The running cost of this technology was estimated to be 15,360Yen (154USD)/ton-Hg. This stabilization technology is cost-effective and environmentally sound for the long-term and safe management of mercury.
本研究采用非加热工艺通过汞硫化来稳定汞。在各种实验条件下，使用行星球磨将元素汞和硫混合，并确定了最佳条件。在早期的球磨过程中观察到了不稳定的中间产物，即硫化汞，随后将中间产物粉碎成硫化汞粉末。这些现象受到行星球直径的显著影响。较大的直径增强了汞的稳定性。对于直径为 19.04 毫米的球，毒性特征浸出程序（TCLP）和日本浸出试验（JLT）的值分别为 0.263μg/L 和 0.0586μg/L，表明汞的浸出率得到了严格控制。当硫与汞的摩尔比为 1.05 时，在 20°C 时顶空处的汞浓度<1μg/Nm(3)，相当于纯试剂的水平。在最佳条件下，行星球磨产品的稳定性与其他稳定技术相当或更优。该技术的运行成本估计为 15360 日元（154 美元）/吨汞。对于汞的长期安全管理而言，这种稳定技术具有成本效益和环境友好性。
