Neyra Avellaneda Pablo Cesar, Zarate Sulca Reider Benigno, Magallanes Camasca Hilda Beatriz, Sencebe Bastante de Garcia Bernardette Mariella, Pujaico Lizarbe Javier Fortunato, Téllez Monzón Lena Asunción, Flores Del Pino Lisveth, Huerta Alatrista José Edmundo, Jorge-Montalvo Paola, Visitación-Figueroa Lizardo
Center for Research in Chemistry, Toxicology, and Environmental Biotechnology, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina, 15024, Lima, Peru.
Tower and Tower S.A., 15047, Lima, Peru.
Heliyon. 2024 Jul 18;10(14):e34808. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e34808. eCollection 2024 Jul 30.
Waste liquid mercury generated as a by-product of the Merrill-Crowe process in gold mining and recovered from mercury-containing waste must be stabilized for secure storage or disposal. This study developed a procedure for mercury stabilization. A ball mill with a 0.5 m capacity and a rotational speed of 43 rpm was used to stabilize the residual mercury with sulfur. The treatments were conducted for 30, 60, and 90 min at mercury: sulfur molar ratios of 1.0, 0.8, and 0.67. The ball loading ratio was 7.0 with residual mercury, and the temperature was below 40 °C. The treatment efficiency was evaluated by measuring the concentrations of mercury and other metals using the Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP), examining the stabilized residual mercury by X-ray diffraction, and conducting bioassays on and . Principal component analysis (PCA) was performed on the aforementioned variables. The 90-min treatment, with a mercury-to-sulfur molar ratio of 0.67, stabilized mercury mainly as cinnabar compared with the other treatments and presented leachate mercury values below the detection limit <0.003. The leachate from the treatments also showed values of 21.28-38.44 toxic units, classified as very toxic, and generated toxicity, particularly for , because of the presence of other metals such as Al, Ba, B, Ca, Cu, Cr, Fe, Mn, Ni, and Zn. The variability of the residues in the PCA analysis was explained by the treatment effect and the presence of other metals in the residual mercury. The stabilized residual mercury obtained was classified as non-hazardous and could be stored or disposed of as ordinary waste in a security landfill.
在金矿开采的梅里尔 - 克劳工艺中作为副产品产生并从含汞废物中回收的废液态汞，必须进行稳定化处理以确保安全储存或处置。本研究开发了一种汞稳定化程序。使用容量为0.5立方米、转速为43转/分钟的球磨机，用硫对残余汞进行稳定化处理。在汞与硫的摩尔比为1.0、0.8和0.67的条件下，处理时间分别为30、60和90分钟。球料装载比为7.0（相对于残余汞），温度低于40°C。通过使用毒性特性浸出程序（TCLP）测量汞和其他金属的浓度、用X射线衍射检查稳定化后的残余汞以及对[此处原文缺失相关受试对象]进行生物测定来评估处理效率。对上述变量进行主成分分析（PCA）。与其他处理相比，汞与硫摩尔比为0.67、处理90分钟的处理方式主要将汞稳定化为朱砂，其渗滤液汞值低于检测限<0.003。处理后的渗滤液毒性单位值在21.28 - 38.44之间，被归类为剧毒，并且由于存在铝、钡、硼、钙、铜、铬、铁、锰、镍和锌等其他金属而产生毒性，特别是对[此处原文缺失相关受试对象]。PCA分析中残留物的变异性可由处理效果和残余汞中其他金属的存在来解释。所获得的稳定化残余汞被归类为无害废物，可作为普通废物在安全填埋场储存或处置。
