Olawoye O A, Iyun A O, Ademola S A, Michael A I, Oluwatosin O M
Department of Surgery, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria; Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria.
Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria.
Burns. 2014 Dec;40(8):1794-8. doi: 10.1016/j.burns.2014.04.008. Epub 2014 Jun 2.
Children constitute a significant proportion of burn victims in most studies from the developing countries. While there has been a progressive improvement in the outcome from childhood burn in many developed nations, the morbidity and mortality remains high in many low and middle income countries. The aim of our study is to evaluate the demographic characteristics and prognostic indicators of childhood burn in a major referral teaching hospital in a developing country. A review of the records of 638 patients with acute burns managed over a 10-year period from January 2001 to December 2010 at the University College Hospital, Ibadan Nigeria was done. The clinical and epidemiological data were retrieved from computerized data base using the ISBI proforma. Information obtained includes Biodata, Etiology, location, TBSA, presence of Inhalation injury and the treatment outcome. Data of patients aged 16 years and below were analyzed using the SPSS version 16. The main outcome measure was the patient's survival. 289 children representing 45.3% of the total number of burn patients were managed over the period. The M:F ratio was 1.1:1. The median age of the cohort was 4.0 years while the median TBSA was 21.0%. Non-intentional causes were responsible for 89.6% cases. Most of the injuries (88.6%) occurred at home. Eighty-three patients had inhalation injury out of which 57 (68.7%) deaths were recorded. The overall mortality rate in the cohort was 39.5% with an LA50 of burn size of 45%. The TBSA was also found to be a determinant of outcome. Majority of childhood burns are from preventable causes with attendant dismal mortality figures. Effective burn prevention strategies and improved quality of care remain pivotal in reducing childhood burn morbidity and mortality in the developing countries.
在大多数来自发展中国家的研究中，儿童在烧伤受害者中占相当大的比例。虽然许多发达国家儿童烧伤的治疗效果有了逐步改善，但在许多低收入和中等收入国家，发病率和死亡率仍然很高。我们研究的目的是评估一家发展中国家主要转诊教学医院中儿童烧伤的人口统计学特征和预后指标。对2001年1月至2010年12月在尼日利亚伊巴丹大学学院医院接受治疗的638例急性烧伤患者的记录进行了回顾。临床和流行病学数据使用国际烧伤学会（ISBI）表格从计算机数据库中检索。获得的信息包括生物数据、病因、部位、烧伤总面积（TBSA）、吸入性损伤的存在情况以及治疗结果。对16岁及以下患者的数据使用SPSS 16版进行分析。主要结局指标是患者的生存情况。在此期间共治疗了289名儿童，占烧伤患者总数的45.3%。男女比例为1.1:1。该队列的中位年龄为4.0岁，中位烧伤总面积为21.0%。非故意伤害占89.6%的病例。大多数损伤（88.6%）发生在家中。83例患者有吸入性损伤，其中57例（68.7%）死亡。该队列的总体死亡率为39.5%，半数致死烧伤面积（LA50）为45%。烧伤总面积也是结局的一个决定因素。大多数儿童烧伤是由可预防的原因引起的，随之而来的是令人沮丧的死亡率。有效的烧伤预防策略和改善护理质量仍然是降低发展中国家儿童烧伤发病率和死亡率的关键。
