Masters Megan, Riley Paul R
Department of Physiology Anatomy and Genetics, Sherrington Building, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PT, UK.
Stem Cell Res. 2014 Nov;13(3 Pt B):683-92. doi: 10.1016/j.scr.2014.04.007. Epub 2014 Apr 29.
From historical studies of developing chick hearts to recent advances in regenerative injury models, the epicardium has arisen as a key player in heart genesis and repair. The epicardium provides paracrine signals to nurture growth of the developing heart from mid-gestation, and epicardium-derived cells act as progenitors of numerous cardiac cell types. Interference with either process is terminal for heart development and embryogenesis. In adulthood, the dormant epicardium reinstates an embryonic gene programme in response to injury. Furthermore, injury-induced epicardial signalling is essential for heart regeneration in zebrafish. Given these critical roles in development, injury response and heart regeneration, the application of epicardial signals following adult heart injury could offer therapeutic strategies for the treatment of ischaemic heart disease and heart failure.
从对发育中的鸡心脏的历史研究到再生损伤模型的最新进展，心外膜已成为心脏发生和修复的关键参与者。心外膜提供旁分泌信号，从中孕期开始促进发育中心脏的生长，心外膜衍生细胞作为多种心脏细胞类型的祖细胞。对这两个过程中任何一个的干扰都会导致心脏发育和胚胎发生的终止。在成年期，休眠的心外膜会在损伤时恢复胚胎基因程序。此外，损伤诱导的心外膜信号对于斑马鱼的心脏再生至关重要。鉴于其在发育、损伤反应和心脏再生中的这些关键作用，成年心脏损伤后应用心外膜信号可为缺血性心脏病和心力衰竭的治疗提供治疗策略。
