Int J Phytoremediation. 2014;16(7-12):1031-41. doi: 10.1080/15226514.2013.810582.
Phytoextraction is an established method of removal of heavy metals from contaminated soils worldwide. Phytoextraction is most efficient if local plants are used in the contaminated site. We propose that Prosopis pubescens (Screw bean mesquite) would be a successful phytoextractor of copper in our local soils. In order to determine the feasibility of using Screw bean mesquite, we utilized inductively-coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) and elemental analysis to observe the uptake of copper and the effects on macro and micro nutrients within laboratory-grown seedlings. We have previously shown that P. pubescens is a hyperaccumulator of copper in soil-grown seedlings. Light and transmission electron microscopy demonstrated death of root cells and ultrastructural changes due to the presence of copper from 50 mg/L - 600 mg/L. Ultrastructural changes included plasmolysis, starch accumulation, increased vacuolation and swollen chloroplasts with disarranged thylakoid membranes in cotyledons. Inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy analyses of macro- and micro-nutrients revealed that the presence of copper sulfate in the growth medium of Petri-dish grown Prosopis pubescens seedlings resulted in dramatic decreases of magnesium, potassium and phosphorus. At 500-600 mg/L of copper sulfate, a substantial increase of sulfur was present in roots.
植物提取是一种从世界各地受污染土壤中去除重金属的成熟方法。如果在污染地点使用当地植物，植物提取的效果最为理想。我们提出，刺槐（螺形豆金合欢）将成为我们当地土壤中铜的成功植物提取剂。为了确定使用螺形豆金合欢的可行性，我们利用电感耦合等离子体-光学发射光谱（ICP-OES）和元素分析来观察铜的吸收及其对实验室生长的幼苗中大量和微量营养素的影响。我们之前已经表明，刺槐在土壤中生长的幼苗中是铜的超积累者。光镜和透射电子显微镜显示，由于存在 50mg/L-600mg/L 的铜，根细胞死亡，超微结构发生变化。超微结构变化包括质壁分离、淀粉积累、液泡增加以及子叶中类囊体膜排列紊乱的叶绿体肿胀。对大量和微量营养素的电感耦合等离子体-光学发射光谱分析表明，在培养皿中生长的刺槐幼苗的生长培养基中存在硫酸铜，导致镁、钾和磷的含量显著下降。在 500-600mg/L 的硫酸铜中，根中存在大量的硫。
