Blood pressure control and weight loss in overweight or obese patients with previously treated or untreated mild to moderate hypertension given valsartan: An open-label study comparing pretreatment and posttreatment values.

BACKGROUND

Hypertension is associated with obesity. Recent studies have indicated that therapy with an angiotensin II antagonist, in addition to having an antihypertensive effect, may cause a reduction in body weight.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy and tolerability of valsartan in the treatment of overweight or obese patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension.

METHODS

Overweight or obese outpatients aged 18 to <70 years with previously treated or untreated mild to moderate essential hypertension were eligible for this open-label study conducted at the Department of Internal Medicine and Aging, Clinica Medica II, Policlinico S. Orsola-Malpighi (Bologna, Italy). After a 1-week pharmacologic washout period, patients were treated with valsartan capsules at a fixed dosage of 80 mg once daily for 8 weeks. The dosage was increased to 160 mg once daily if, at 8 weeks, diastolic blood pressure (DBP) was not normalized; otherwise, the 80-mg/d dosage was maintained. Treatment was continued for an additional 16 weeks. Patients' heart rate, systolic blood pressure (SBP) and DBP, body mass index (BMI), and waist-hip ratio (WHR) were measured/calculated at baseline (week 0) and 8, 16, and 24 weeks. Patients were asked to maintain a 1600-kcal/d diet throughout the study.

RESULTS

Forty-eight patients (28 men, 20 women; mean [SD] age, 57 [9] years) were included in the study. In the 45 patients (93.8%) who completed the study, mean SBP, DBP, and BMI were significantly decreased compared with baseline (all P < 0.001), but WHR was significantly increased (P < 0.05). After 24 weeks of treatment, 71.1 % of patients had SBP/DBP ≤ 140/≤90 mm Hg. Three patients (6.3%) withdrew from the study due to treatment-related adverse events.

CONCLUSION

In this population of overweight or obese patients with mild to moderate hypertension, valsartan was well tolerated, and could be effective in controlling blood pressure and achieving weight loss in such patients.